This review explores the development of nanoparticle-enhanced thermoelectric materials, focusing on their synthesis, fabrication, and energy harvesting capabilities. It highlights the potential of inorganic materials in waste heat recovery and power generation within industries, emphasizing their role in improving energy efficiency and promoting environmental sustainability. The review discusses various approaches to enhance the power factor and lattice thermal conductivity of thermoelectric materials, with a focus on the impact of secondary phases and structural modifications. It also examines the influence of synthesis methods on the electrical characteristics of materials, particularly novel techniques such as electrodeposition onto carbon nanotubes. The study provides insights that guide the development of new thermoelectric materials. The review compares and contrasts different materials and their thermoelectric properties, highlighting the importance of optimizing parameters such as electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and thermal conductivity to achieve higher ZT values, which enhance energy conversion efficiency. The review also discusses the challenges associated with thermoelectric materials, including the need to improve their efficiency, stability, and reduce production costs. It emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in the development of new materials and techniques for thermoelectric applications. The review covers various thermoelectric materials, including Cu2Se-based materials, and discusses their properties, synthesis methods, and performance in energy conversion. It also explores the potential of materials such as MoS2 in thermoelectric applications, highlighting their unique properties and potential for efficient energy conversion. The review concludes that further research and development are essential for advancing thermoelectric materials and their applications in sustainable energy solutions.This review explores the development of nanoparticle-enhanced thermoelectric materials, focusing on their synthesis, fabrication, and energy harvesting capabilities. It highlights the potential of inorganic materials in waste heat recovery and power generation within industries, emphasizing their role in improving energy efficiency and promoting environmental sustainability. The review discusses various approaches to enhance the power factor and lattice thermal conductivity of thermoelectric materials, with a focus on the impact of secondary phases and structural modifications. It also examines the influence of synthesis methods on the electrical characteristics of materials, particularly novel techniques such as electrodeposition onto carbon nanotubes. The study provides insights that guide the development of new thermoelectric materials. The review compares and contrasts different materials and their thermoelectric properties, highlighting the importance of optimizing parameters such as electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and thermal conductivity to achieve higher ZT values, which enhance energy conversion efficiency. The review also discusses the challenges associated with thermoelectric materials, including the need to improve their efficiency, stability, and reduce production costs. It emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in the development of new materials and techniques for thermoelectric applications. The review covers various thermoelectric materials, including Cu2Se-based materials, and discusses their properties, synthesis methods, and performance in energy conversion. It also explores the potential of materials such as MoS2 in thermoelectric applications, highlighting their unique properties and potential for efficient energy conversion. The review concludes that further research and development are essential for advancing thermoelectric materials and their applications in sustainable energy solutions.