21 March 2024 | Alejandra M. Miranda, Fabian Hernandez-Tenorio, Fabian Villalta, Gabriel J. Vargas, Alex A. Sáez
The article reviews the development of biofertilizers and biostimulants derived from microalgae, highlighting their potential in sustainable agriculture. Microalgae, as photosynthetic organisms, can provide essential nutrients to the soil and stimulate plant growth through various metabolites. However, the preparation of these bioproducts faces challenges related to shelf life and stability during storage and transportation. The authors conducted a bibliometric analysis to identify trends in the scientific literature, using scientometric indicators to analyze technological advancements and market trends. They found that microalgae strains such as Chlamydomonas, Chlorella vulgaris, and Spirulina are frequently used in biofertilizer and biostimulant formulations. The study also identified key metabolites like phytohormones, protein hydrolysates, and phycocyanin that contribute to their agronomic benefits. Additionally, the article discusses various formulation methods, including solid and liquid presentations, encapsulation, and emulsions, which enhance the stability and effectiveness of these products. Case studies from different regions, such as India, the United States, and Europe, demonstrate the positive impact of microalgae-based biofertilizers and biostimulants on crop yields and soil health. The global market for biofertilizers and biostimulants is growing, driven by increasing demand for organic and sustainable agricultural practices. However, challenges such as high production costs and the need for better understanding of microalgae-plant interactions remain. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of further research and regulatory support to overcome these limitations and promote the widespread use of microalgae-based biofertilizers and biostimulants.The article reviews the development of biofertilizers and biostimulants derived from microalgae, highlighting their potential in sustainable agriculture. Microalgae, as photosynthetic organisms, can provide essential nutrients to the soil and stimulate plant growth through various metabolites. However, the preparation of these bioproducts faces challenges related to shelf life and stability during storage and transportation. The authors conducted a bibliometric analysis to identify trends in the scientific literature, using scientometric indicators to analyze technological advancements and market trends. They found that microalgae strains such as Chlamydomonas, Chlorella vulgaris, and Spirulina are frequently used in biofertilizer and biostimulant formulations. The study also identified key metabolites like phytohormones, protein hydrolysates, and phycocyanin that contribute to their agronomic benefits. Additionally, the article discusses various formulation methods, including solid and liquid presentations, encapsulation, and emulsions, which enhance the stability and effectiveness of these products. Case studies from different regions, such as India, the United States, and Europe, demonstrate the positive impact of microalgae-based biofertilizers and biostimulants on crop yields and soil health. The global market for biofertilizers and biostimulants is growing, driven by increasing demand for organic and sustainable agricultural practices. However, challenges such as high production costs and the need for better understanding of microalgae-plant interactions remain. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of further research and regulatory support to overcome these limitations and promote the widespread use of microalgae-based biofertilizers and biostimulants.