The study by Engelberth et al. (2003) investigates the role of green leafy volatiles (GLV) in priming plants against insect herbivore attack. GLV, which are emitted by plants in response to mechanical damage or herbivory, were found to induce jasmonic acid (JA) production and the release of sesquiterpenes in intact corn seedlings. Notably, corn seedlings previously exposed to GLV from neighboring plants showed a more significant increase in JA and volatile sesquiterpene production when mechanically damaged and induced with caterpillar regurgitant compared to unexposed seedlings. Synthetic chemicals, such as (Z)-3-hexenal, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, and (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, exhibited similar priming effects. Caterpillar-induced nocturnal volatiles, enriched in GLV, also strongly primed plants, increasing JA production and volatile emissions. However, GLV priming did not affect JA production induced by mechanical wounding alone. The study concludes that GLV specifically prime neighboring plants against impending herbivory by enhancing inducible chemical defense responses, potentially playing a key role in plant-plant signaling and plant-insect interactions.The study by Engelberth et al. (2003) investigates the role of green leafy volatiles (GLV) in priming plants against insect herbivore attack. GLV, which are emitted by plants in response to mechanical damage or herbivory, were found to induce jasmonic acid (JA) production and the release of sesquiterpenes in intact corn seedlings. Notably, corn seedlings previously exposed to GLV from neighboring plants showed a more significant increase in JA and volatile sesquiterpene production when mechanically damaged and induced with caterpillar regurgitant compared to unexposed seedlings. Synthetic chemicals, such as (Z)-3-hexenal, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, and (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, exhibited similar priming effects. Caterpillar-induced nocturnal volatiles, enriched in GLV, also strongly primed plants, increasing JA production and volatile emissions. However, GLV priming did not affect JA production induced by mechanical wounding alone. The study concludes that GLV specifically prime neighboring plants against impending herbivory by enhancing inducible chemical defense responses, potentially playing a key role in plant-plant signaling and plant-insect interactions.