The article by Griffith Edwards and Milton M. Gross provides a provisional description of alcohol dependence as a clinical syndrome. They emphasize that the syndrome is best described by patients themselves, who often have astute observations about their drinking patterns. The authors outline essential elements of the syndrome, including a narrowing of drinking behavior, increased tolerance to alcohol, repeated withdrawal symptoms, and a subjective awareness of compulsion to drink. They also discuss the role of social and personal factors in shaping the syndrome and the importance of understanding its psychobiological basis. The article highlights the need for further research to delineate the syndrome's natural history and social settings, as well as to develop more effective treatments. Additionally, it underscores the significance of recognizing alcohol dependence as a disease and the potential for relapse, even in severe cases. The authors conclude by emphasizing the importance of clinical awareness and the need for tailored interventions based on the degree of dependence.The article by Griffith Edwards and Milton M. Gross provides a provisional description of alcohol dependence as a clinical syndrome. They emphasize that the syndrome is best described by patients themselves, who often have astute observations about their drinking patterns. The authors outline essential elements of the syndrome, including a narrowing of drinking behavior, increased tolerance to alcohol, repeated withdrawal symptoms, and a subjective awareness of compulsion to drink. They also discuss the role of social and personal factors in shaping the syndrome and the importance of understanding its psychobiological basis. The article highlights the need for further research to delineate the syndrome's natural history and social settings, as well as to develop more effective treatments. Additionally, it underscores the significance of recognizing alcohol dependence as a disease and the potential for relapse, even in severe cases. The authors conclude by emphasizing the importance of clinical awareness and the need for tailored interventions based on the degree of dependence.