Vol 67, No. 2, February 2006 | Aranzazu González, PhD; Ana M. Sahagun, PhD; M. Jose Diez, PhD; Nelida Fernandez, PhD; Matilde Sierra, PhD; Juan J. Garcia, PhD
The study evaluated the pharmacokinetics of a novel commercial formulation of ivermectin in goats. Six healthy adult goats were used, and the drug was administered intravenously (IV) and subcutaneously (SC) to assess different routes of administration.
**IV Administration:**
- Ivermectin (200 μg/kg) was administered IV, and plasma samples were collected for 36 days.
- The pharmacokinetics were best described by a 2-compartment open model.
- Key parameters included: volume of distribution at steady state (VDss) = 9.94 L/kg, clearance = 1.54 L/kg/d, and area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) = 143 [ng•d]/mL.
- Noncompartmental parameters included mean residence time (MRT) = 7.37 days, AUC = 153 [ng•d]/mL, and clearance = 1.43 L/kg/d.
**SC Administration:**
- After a 3-week washout period, the same goats received a commercial formulation of ivermectin (200 μg/kg) by SC injection.
- Plasma samples were collected for 42 days.
- The pharmacokinetics were best described by a 1-compartment open model.
- Key parameters included: maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) = 21.8 ng/mL, time to reach Cmax (Tmax) = 3 days, and bioavailability (F) = 91.8%.
- Noncompartmental parameters included mean absorption time (0.88 days) and MRT = 7.37 days.
**Conclusions:**
- The commercial formulation used in this study is a good option for administering ivermectin to goats due to its high absorption (F).
- The Cmax and Tmax values obtained are higher than those reported by other authors using different routes of administration.
- The study highlights the importance of considering the specific formulation and route of administration when using ivermectin in goats to optimize efficacy and minimize resistance.The study evaluated the pharmacokinetics of a novel commercial formulation of ivermectin in goats. Six healthy adult goats were used, and the drug was administered intravenously (IV) and subcutaneously (SC) to assess different routes of administration.
**IV Administration:**
- Ivermectin (200 μg/kg) was administered IV, and plasma samples were collected for 36 days.
- The pharmacokinetics were best described by a 2-compartment open model.
- Key parameters included: volume of distribution at steady state (VDss) = 9.94 L/kg, clearance = 1.54 L/kg/d, and area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) = 143 [ng•d]/mL.
- Noncompartmental parameters included mean residence time (MRT) = 7.37 days, AUC = 153 [ng•d]/mL, and clearance = 1.43 L/kg/d.
**SC Administration:**
- After a 3-week washout period, the same goats received a commercial formulation of ivermectin (200 μg/kg) by SC injection.
- Plasma samples were collected for 42 days.
- The pharmacokinetics were best described by a 1-compartment open model.
- Key parameters included: maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) = 21.8 ng/mL, time to reach Cmax (Tmax) = 3 days, and bioavailability (F) = 91.8%.
- Noncompartmental parameters included mean absorption time (0.88 days) and MRT = 7.37 days.
**Conclusions:**
- The commercial formulation used in this study is a good option for administering ivermectin to goats due to its high absorption (F).
- The Cmax and Tmax values obtained are higher than those reported by other authors using different routes of administration.
- The study highlights the importance of considering the specific formulation and route of administration when using ivermectin in goats to optimize efficacy and minimize resistance.