The oil and gas industry plays a critical role in global energy supply and economic development but faces significant environmental, social, and economic challenges. Aligning industry practices with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is essential for achieving long-term sustainability. The SDGs provide a universal framework for addressing global challenges, including climate change, poverty, and inequality. The oil and gas sector, being a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions and environmental degradation, must adopt sustainable practices to support the SDGs. Key challenges include environmental degradation from extraction activities, social and economic disparities in oil-producing regions, and regulatory complexities. Strategies to align with SDGs include reducing carbon footprints, transitioning to renewable energy, engaging with local communities, protecting human and indigenous rights, and promoting economic diversification. Case studies of companies like Shell, TotalEnergies, and Equinor demonstrate successful alignment with SDGs, particularly in renewable energy, carbon reduction, and biodiversity conservation. Recommendations include policy reforms, industry guidelines, and stakeholder collaboration to promote sustainable practices. Governments should enforce strict environmental regulations and incentivize renewable energy adoption. Oil and gas companies should adopt sustainable frameworks, invest in innovative technologies, and engage with stakeholders. Collaboration among governments, industry, civil society, and international organizations is crucial for addressing common challenges and advancing sustainable development. In conclusion, aligning oil and gas practices with SDGs is vital for achieving sustainable development. This requires collective action, innovation, and commitment from industry stakeholders, policymakers, and civil society to create a more sustainable and equitable future.The oil and gas industry plays a critical role in global energy supply and economic development but faces significant environmental, social, and economic challenges. Aligning industry practices with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is essential for achieving long-term sustainability. The SDGs provide a universal framework for addressing global challenges, including climate change, poverty, and inequality. The oil and gas sector, being a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions and environmental degradation, must adopt sustainable practices to support the SDGs. Key challenges include environmental degradation from extraction activities, social and economic disparities in oil-producing regions, and regulatory complexities. Strategies to align with SDGs include reducing carbon footprints, transitioning to renewable energy, engaging with local communities, protecting human and indigenous rights, and promoting economic diversification. Case studies of companies like Shell, TotalEnergies, and Equinor demonstrate successful alignment with SDGs, particularly in renewable energy, carbon reduction, and biodiversity conservation. Recommendations include policy reforms, industry guidelines, and stakeholder collaboration to promote sustainable practices. Governments should enforce strict environmental regulations and incentivize renewable energy adoption. Oil and gas companies should adopt sustainable frameworks, invest in innovative technologies, and engage with stakeholders. Collaboration among governments, industry, civil society, and international organizations is crucial for addressing common challenges and advancing sustainable development. In conclusion, aligning oil and gas practices with SDGs is vital for achieving sustainable development. This requires collective action, innovation, and commitment from industry stakeholders, policymakers, and civil society to create a more sustainable and equitable future.