Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a bioactive molecule with significant health benefits, primarily due to its antioxidant properties. ALA exists in both oxidized (ALA) and reduced (DHLA) forms, which together form a potent redox couple. This system can quench radicals, chelate metals, and scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), making it an effective antioxidant. ALA is also known as the "antioxidant of antioxidants" due to its ability to regenerate other antioxidants like vitamin C and E. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that ALA modulates various oxidative stress pathways, making it a useful tool for treating chronic diseases and conditions associated with oxidative stress. ALA has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. It inhibits nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), a key pro-inflammatory transcription factor, and reduces oxidative damage to neuronal tissue. ALA is particularly effective in treating diabetic neuropathy, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. Clinical studies have confirmed its efficacy in improving symptoms and reducing oxidative stress in patients with these conditions. Pharmacokinetic studies indicate that ALA is rapidly absorbed and efficiently targeted to tissues, including the central nervous system. It is available as dietary supplements in various forms, such as tablets, capsules, and powders. ALA's pleiotropic effects make it a promising supplement for managing diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, cancer, hearing loss, and reproductive health issues. Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated its safety and effectiveness in treating these conditions, suggesting that ALA can be a valuable adjunct in the management of chronic diseases.Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a bioactive molecule with significant health benefits, primarily due to its antioxidant properties. ALA exists in both oxidized (ALA) and reduced (DHLA) forms, which together form a potent redox couple. This system can quench radicals, chelate metals, and scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), making it an effective antioxidant. ALA is also known as the "antioxidant of antioxidants" due to its ability to regenerate other antioxidants like vitamin C and E. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that ALA modulates various oxidative stress pathways, making it a useful tool for treating chronic diseases and conditions associated with oxidative stress. ALA has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. It inhibits nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), a key pro-inflammatory transcription factor, and reduces oxidative damage to neuronal tissue. ALA is particularly effective in treating diabetic neuropathy, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. Clinical studies have confirmed its efficacy in improving symptoms and reducing oxidative stress in patients with these conditions. Pharmacokinetic studies indicate that ALA is rapidly absorbed and efficiently targeted to tissues, including the central nervous system. It is available as dietary supplements in various forms, such as tablets, capsules, and powders. ALA's pleiotropic effects make it a promising supplement for managing diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, cancer, hearing loss, and reproductive health issues. Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated its safety and effectiveness in treating these conditions, suggesting that ALA can be a valuable adjunct in the management of chronic diseases.