Aluminum-air (Al-air) batteries have attracted significant attention due to their high energy density (about 8.1 kWh kg⁻¹) and specific capacity (about 2.9 A h g⁻¹). These batteries offer advantages in terms of high energy and power density, making them suitable for electric vehicles. However, challenges such as aluminum corrosion and design limitations hinder their performance. This review provides a detailed overview of Al-air batteries, including their reaction mechanisms, electrochemical characteristics, and strategies to enhance performance. It discusses recent advancements in the design and rechargeability of Al-air batteries, as well as their potential applications in mobility. The review also addresses the constraints and future directions of Al-air batteries in energy storage systems. Aluminum is abundant and recyclable, making it a promising material for energy storage. However, its strong affinity for oxygen leads to the formation of a passive oxide layer, which can hinder performance. Strategies to mitigate this include alloying aluminum, surface coatings, and modifying electrolytes. The Al-air battery consists of an aluminum anode, an air cathode, and an electrolyte. The anode undergoes oxidation, while the cathode facilitates oxygen reduction. The overall reaction involves the oxidation of aluminum and the reduction of oxygen, producing aluminum hydroxide. The cathode reaction is crucial for the battery's performance, with oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) playing key roles. ORR is particularly important for the battery's efficiency, and the use of catalysts can enhance its performance. However, the sluggish ORR in Al-air batteries limits their potential. The review highlights the importance of catalysts in improving ORR efficiency and the challenges associated with OER. Aluminum alloys have been explored to improve the electrochemical performance of Al-air batteries. Alloying aluminum with elements such as Mg, Sn, Ga, and In can enhance its stability and reduce corrosion. The review discusses various alloys and their effects on battery performance, including their ability to withstand high discharge rates and improve energy density. Overall, Al-air batteries show great promise as an alternative to lithium-ion batteries due to their high energy density, environmental benefits, and potential for large-scale energy storage. However, challenges such as aluminum corrosion and the need for efficient catalysts must be addressed to realize their full potential. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state of Al-air batteries, their components, and future directions for research and development.Aluminum-air (Al-air) batteries have attracted significant attention due to their high energy density (about 8.1 kWh kg⁻¹) and specific capacity (about 2.9 A h g⁻¹). These batteries offer advantages in terms of high energy and power density, making them suitable for electric vehicles. However, challenges such as aluminum corrosion and design limitations hinder their performance. This review provides a detailed overview of Al-air batteries, including their reaction mechanisms, electrochemical characteristics, and strategies to enhance performance. It discusses recent advancements in the design and rechargeability of Al-air batteries, as well as their potential applications in mobility. The review also addresses the constraints and future directions of Al-air batteries in energy storage systems. Aluminum is abundant and recyclable, making it a promising material for energy storage. However, its strong affinity for oxygen leads to the formation of a passive oxide layer, which can hinder performance. Strategies to mitigate this include alloying aluminum, surface coatings, and modifying electrolytes. The Al-air battery consists of an aluminum anode, an air cathode, and an electrolyte. The anode undergoes oxidation, while the cathode facilitates oxygen reduction. The overall reaction involves the oxidation of aluminum and the reduction of oxygen, producing aluminum hydroxide. The cathode reaction is crucial for the battery's performance, with oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) playing key roles. ORR is particularly important for the battery's efficiency, and the use of catalysts can enhance its performance. However, the sluggish ORR in Al-air batteries limits their potential. The review highlights the importance of catalysts in improving ORR efficiency and the challenges associated with OER. Aluminum alloys have been explored to improve the electrochemical performance of Al-air batteries. Alloying aluminum with elements such as Mg, Sn, Ga, and In can enhance its stability and reduce corrosion. The review discusses various alloys and their effects on battery performance, including their ability to withstand high discharge rates and improve energy density. Overall, Al-air batteries show great promise as an alternative to lithium-ion batteries due to their high energy density, environmental benefits, and potential for large-scale energy storage. However, challenges such as aluminum corrosion and the need for efficient catalysts must be addressed to realize their full potential. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state of Al-air batteries, their components, and future directions for research and development.