Ambiguity as a Resource for Design

Ambiguity as a Resource for Design

2003 | William W Gaver, Jake Beaver, Steve Benford
Ambiguity is often viewed negatively in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), but this paper argues that it is a valuable resource for design that can foster deeper personal engagement with systems. The authors distinguish three types of ambiguity: information, context, and relationship. Ambiguity of information arises from the artifact itself, ambiguity of context from sociocultural discourses, and ambiguity of relationship from the individual's interpretative stance. The paper presents examples from contemporary arts and design to illustrate how ambiguity can be used effectively. It discusses how ambiguity can encourage users to interpret situations for themselves, leading to a more personal relationship with the system. The paper also highlights the benefits of ambiguity in design, such as allowing designers to engage users without constraining their responses and enabling users from different cultural backgrounds to find their own interpretations. Ambiguity can also turn technical limitations into opportunities for interpretation. The paper provides examples of systems that use ambiguity, such as Projected Realities, Desert Rain, The Pillow, and the Home Health Monitor, to show how ambiguity can be used to create engaging and thought-provoking designs. The paper concludes that ambiguity is a powerful tool for designers to raise issues and perspectives without imposing solutions, and that it can help users engage with systems in a more meaningful way.Ambiguity is often viewed negatively in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), but this paper argues that it is a valuable resource for design that can foster deeper personal engagement with systems. The authors distinguish three types of ambiguity: information, context, and relationship. Ambiguity of information arises from the artifact itself, ambiguity of context from sociocultural discourses, and ambiguity of relationship from the individual's interpretative stance. The paper presents examples from contemporary arts and design to illustrate how ambiguity can be used effectively. It discusses how ambiguity can encourage users to interpret situations for themselves, leading to a more personal relationship with the system. The paper also highlights the benefits of ambiguity in design, such as allowing designers to engage users without constraining their responses and enabling users from different cultural backgrounds to find their own interpretations. Ambiguity can also turn technical limitations into opportunities for interpretation. The paper provides examples of systems that use ambiguity, such as Projected Realities, Desert Rain, The Pillow, and the Home Health Monitor, to show how ambiguity can be used to create engaging and thought-provoking designs. The paper concludes that ambiguity is a powerful tool for designers to raise issues and perspectives without imposing solutions, and that it can help users engage with systems in a more meaningful way.
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[slides and audio] Ambiguity as a resource for design