Soil organisms play a critical role in ecosystem functioning, yet their importance in agricultural management is often overlooked. This review highlights the potential of soil biodiversity to enhance ecosystem services and promote multiple ecosystem functions simultaneously, known as ecosystem multifunctionality. The concept of ecological intensification is applied to soils, emphasizing the need for targeted strategies to exploit soil biological traits. Soil ecological engineering is proposed as a method to create sustainable land-use systems that meet human needs while minimizing environmental impacts. Soil biodiversity supports various ecosystem functions, including nutrient and carbon cycling, and is essential for maintaining soil health. Soil organisms, such as fungi, bacteria, and invertebrates, contribute to nutrient cycling, decomposition, and soil structure. However, intensive land use threatens soil biodiversity, leading to environmental problems like eutrophication and reduced biodiversity. Soil ecological engineering aims to optimize internal regulatory processes to enhance ecosystem service delivery. The review discusses the importance of soil biodiversity in maintaining ecosystem stability and sustainability. It emphasizes the need for targeted manipulations of soil organisms to improve agricultural sustainability. Soil biodiversity and community composition are shown to influence ecosystem functions, with diverse communities often providing more stable and resilient ecosystem services. The study also highlights the role of soil organisms in carbon sequestration and the challenges of maintaining soil biodiversity in agricultural systems. Soil ecological engineering is proposed as a strategy to enhance ecosystem functioning by optimizing soil biological processes. The review concludes that integrating soil biodiversity with modern agricultural practices can help achieve sustainable food production while reducing environmental impacts. Future research should focus on understanding and applying soil management practices that conserve soil biological potential while supporting economic farming.Soil organisms play a critical role in ecosystem functioning, yet their importance in agricultural management is often overlooked. This review highlights the potential of soil biodiversity to enhance ecosystem services and promote multiple ecosystem functions simultaneously, known as ecosystem multifunctionality. The concept of ecological intensification is applied to soils, emphasizing the need for targeted strategies to exploit soil biological traits. Soil ecological engineering is proposed as a method to create sustainable land-use systems that meet human needs while minimizing environmental impacts. Soil biodiversity supports various ecosystem functions, including nutrient and carbon cycling, and is essential for maintaining soil health. Soil organisms, such as fungi, bacteria, and invertebrates, contribute to nutrient cycling, decomposition, and soil structure. However, intensive land use threatens soil biodiversity, leading to environmental problems like eutrophication and reduced biodiversity. Soil ecological engineering aims to optimize internal regulatory processes to enhance ecosystem service delivery. The review discusses the importance of soil biodiversity in maintaining ecosystem stability and sustainability. It emphasizes the need for targeted manipulations of soil organisms to improve agricultural sustainability. Soil biodiversity and community composition are shown to influence ecosystem functions, with diverse communities often providing more stable and resilient ecosystem services. The study also highlights the role of soil organisms in carbon sequestration and the challenges of maintaining soil biodiversity in agricultural systems. Soil ecological engineering is proposed as a strategy to enhance ecosystem functioning by optimizing soil biological processes. The review concludes that integrating soil biodiversity with modern agricultural practices can help achieve sustainable food production while reducing environmental impacts. Future research should focus on understanding and applying soil management practices that conserve soil biological potential while supporting economic farming.