Anderson localization of a non-interacting Bose-Einstein condensate

Anderson localization of a non-interacting Bose-Einstein condensate

| G. Roati, C. D'Errico, L. Fallani, M. Fattori1, C. Fort, M. Zaccanti, G. Modugno, M. Modugno2 & M. Inguscio
Anderson localization of a non-interacting Bose-Einstein condensate was experimentally observed using a one-dimensional quasi-periodic lattice. This system exhibits a transition from extended to exponentially localized states, similar to the Anderson transition in higher dimensions. The study used a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of $ {}^{39}K $ atoms, where interactions could be controlled independently. The experiment demonstrated that the critical disorder strength scales with the tunneling energy of the atoms in the lattice. The quasi-periodic lattice was created by combining two standing wave lasers at incommensurate wavelengths. The system was analyzed by measuring transport properties, spatial and momentum distributions, and the scaling behavior of the critical disorder strength. The results showed that the system transitions from extended to localized states as the disorder strength increases. The localization was confirmed by observing the width of the atomic distribution and the visibility of interference patterns. The study also revealed that the eigenstates of the system are exponentially localized, with the localization length depending on the disorder strength. The findings provide insights into the interplay between disorder and interaction in quantum systems and open new possibilities for studying exotic quantum phases. The experiment demonstrated the ability to control and manipulate quantum states in a disordered environment, offering a novel platform for exploring quantum phenomena.Anderson localization of a non-interacting Bose-Einstein condensate was experimentally observed using a one-dimensional quasi-periodic lattice. This system exhibits a transition from extended to exponentially localized states, similar to the Anderson transition in higher dimensions. The study used a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of $ {}^{39}K $ atoms, where interactions could be controlled independently. The experiment demonstrated that the critical disorder strength scales with the tunneling energy of the atoms in the lattice. The quasi-periodic lattice was created by combining two standing wave lasers at incommensurate wavelengths. The system was analyzed by measuring transport properties, spatial and momentum distributions, and the scaling behavior of the critical disorder strength. The results showed that the system transitions from extended to localized states as the disorder strength increases. The localization was confirmed by observing the width of the atomic distribution and the visibility of interference patterns. The study also revealed that the eigenstates of the system are exponentially localized, with the localization length depending on the disorder strength. The findings provide insights into the interplay between disorder and interaction in quantum systems and open new possibilities for studying exotic quantum phases. The experiment demonstrated the ability to control and manipulate quantum states in a disordered environment, offering a novel platform for exploring quantum phenomena.
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