This review discusses the use of animal models to study *Klebsiella pneumoniae* mucosal infections, focusing on respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urinary tract infections. *K. pneumoniae* is a significant pathogen causing a range of infections, including urinary tract infections, pneumonia, and liver abscesses, and is a priority for new drug development due to its increasing antibiotic resistance. The review highlights the importance of animal models in understanding infection mechanisms and developing therapeutic and prophylactic strategies. For respiratory infections, mouse and rat models are commonly used. In mice, direct instillation of bacteria into the nasopharynx or trachea is the primary method, with various inoculation volumes and techniques employed. Rats are also used, with bilateral or unilateral pneumonia models established. Other models, such as those using cynomolgus macaques and rabbits, are less common but provide insights into human infections. Gastrointestinal infections are often studied in mice, where oral inoculation methods like gavage or water contamination are used. The presence of a natural gut microbiota can influence infection outcomes, and humanized microbiota models are being explored to better mimic human conditions. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are frequently studied in mice via catheterization through the urethra. Various mouse strains and bacterial strains are used to evaluate the role of specific virulence factors and host responses. The review emphasizes the importance of selecting appropriate animal models based on the infection route, host response, and the specific outcomes of interest. It also highlights the need for further research to improve the robustness and applicability of these models to human infections.This review discusses the use of animal models to study *Klebsiella pneumoniae* mucosal infections, focusing on respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urinary tract infections. *K. pneumoniae* is a significant pathogen causing a range of infections, including urinary tract infections, pneumonia, and liver abscesses, and is a priority for new drug development due to its increasing antibiotic resistance. The review highlights the importance of animal models in understanding infection mechanisms and developing therapeutic and prophylactic strategies. For respiratory infections, mouse and rat models are commonly used. In mice, direct instillation of bacteria into the nasopharynx or trachea is the primary method, with various inoculation volumes and techniques employed. Rats are also used, with bilateral or unilateral pneumonia models established. Other models, such as those using cynomolgus macaques and rabbits, are less common but provide insights into human infections. Gastrointestinal infections are often studied in mice, where oral inoculation methods like gavage or water contamination are used. The presence of a natural gut microbiota can influence infection outcomes, and humanized microbiota models are being explored to better mimic human conditions. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are frequently studied in mice via catheterization through the urethra. Various mouse strains and bacterial strains are used to evaluate the role of specific virulence factors and host responses. The review emphasizes the importance of selecting appropriate animal models based on the infection route, host response, and the specific outcomes of interest. It also highlights the need for further research to improve the robustness and applicability of these models to human infections.