This study investigates the antibacterial activity of Ti3C2Tx MXene, a two-dimensional transition metal carbide, against Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis). The results show that Ti3C2Tx MXene exhibits significantly higher antibacterial efficiency compared to graphene oxide (GO). The antibacterial activity was evaluated using bacterial growth curves, colony counting, and cell viability assays. At a concentration of 100 μg/mL, Ti3C2Tx caused over 98% loss of bacterial cell viability within 4 hours. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) revealed damage to the bacterial cell membranes, leading to the release of cytoplasmic materials. Additionally, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assays confirmed membrane damage and cell death. The antibacterial mechanism is attributed to the interaction of Ti3C2Tx with bacterial cell membranes, causing structural damage and disruption of cellular functions. The study also highlights the potential of Ti3C2Tx as a new family of 2D antimicrobial nanomaterials for applications in water treatment and biomedical fields. The results suggest that Ti3C2Tx could be used as an effective antibacterial agent due to its high efficiency and minimal environmental impact. The study also discusses the potential of other MXene materials for similar applications.This study investigates the antibacterial activity of Ti3C2Tx MXene, a two-dimensional transition metal carbide, against Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis). The results show that Ti3C2Tx MXene exhibits significantly higher antibacterial efficiency compared to graphene oxide (GO). The antibacterial activity was evaluated using bacterial growth curves, colony counting, and cell viability assays. At a concentration of 100 μg/mL, Ti3C2Tx caused over 98% loss of bacterial cell viability within 4 hours. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) revealed damage to the bacterial cell membranes, leading to the release of cytoplasmic materials. Additionally, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assays confirmed membrane damage and cell death. The antibacterial mechanism is attributed to the interaction of Ti3C2Tx with bacterial cell membranes, causing structural damage and disruption of cellular functions. The study also highlights the potential of Ti3C2Tx as a new family of 2D antimicrobial nanomaterials for applications in water treatment and biomedical fields. The results suggest that Ti3C2Tx could be used as an effective antibacterial agent due to its high efficiency and minimal environmental impact. The study also discusses the potential of other MXene materials for similar applications.