The study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of plant extracts and phytochemicals against antibiotic-sensitive and resistant bacteria. Extracts from 10 plants (Achillea millifolium, Caryophyllus aromaticus, Melissa officinalis, Ocimum basilicum, Psidium guajava, Punica granatum, Rosmarinus officinalis, Salvia officinalis, Syzygium joabolanum, and Thymus vulgaris) and phytochemicals (benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, eugenol, and farnesol) were tested. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed in extracts from Caryophyllus aromaticus (clove) and Syzygium joabolanum (jambolan), which inhibited 64.2% and 57.1% of tested microorganisms, respectively, with higher activity against antibiotic-resistant bacteria (83.3%). Sage and yarrow extracts showed no antimicrobial activity. Synergistic effects were observed when plant extracts were combined with antibiotics, particularly against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. For example, clove, jambolan, pomegranate, and thyme extracts inhibited Pseudomonas aeruginosa, even at low concentrations. The study also assessed the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracts and phytochemicals against resistant bacteria. The results showed that clove and jambolan extracts had the highest activity, with MIC values ranging from 50 to 500 µg/mL. Synergistic effects were observed when extracts were combined with antibiotics, such as clove extract with ampicillin against Klebsiella pneumoniae. The study highlights the potential of plant extracts and phytochemicals as alternatives or complements to antibiotics in treating antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. The findings suggest that these natural compounds could be valuable in developing new antimicrobial therapies. The study also emphasizes the need for further research to understand the mechanisms of action and to evaluate the safety and toxicity of these compounds in vivo.The study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of plant extracts and phytochemicals against antibiotic-sensitive and resistant bacteria. Extracts from 10 plants (Achillea millifolium, Caryophyllus aromaticus, Melissa officinalis, Ocimum basilicum, Psidium guajava, Punica granatum, Rosmarinus officinalis, Salvia officinalis, Syzygium joabolanum, and Thymus vulgaris) and phytochemicals (benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, eugenol, and farnesol) were tested. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed in extracts from Caryophyllus aromaticus (clove) and Syzygium joabolanum (jambolan), which inhibited 64.2% and 57.1% of tested microorganisms, respectively, with higher activity against antibiotic-resistant bacteria (83.3%). Sage and yarrow extracts showed no antimicrobial activity. Synergistic effects were observed when plant extracts were combined with antibiotics, particularly against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. For example, clove, jambolan, pomegranate, and thyme extracts inhibited Pseudomonas aeruginosa, even at low concentrations. The study also assessed the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracts and phytochemicals against resistant bacteria. The results showed that clove and jambolan extracts had the highest activity, with MIC values ranging from 50 to 500 µg/mL. Synergistic effects were observed when extracts were combined with antibiotics, such as clove extract with ampicillin against Klebsiella pneumoniae. The study highlights the potential of plant extracts and phytochemicals as alternatives or complements to antibiotics in treating antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. The findings suggest that these natural compounds could be valuable in developing new antimicrobial therapies. The study also emphasizes the need for further research to understand the mechanisms of action and to evaluate the safety and toxicity of these compounds in vivo.