Applications of unified phase-field methods to designing microstructures and mechanical properties of alloys

Applications of unified phase-field methods to designing microstructures and mechanical properties of alloys

VOLUME 49 • JUNE 2024 | Yuhong Zhao, Tongzheng Xin, Song Tang, Haifeng Wang, Xudong Fang, and Hua Hou
The article discusses the application of integrated unified phase-field methods (I UPFM) in the design of high-performance alloys and optimization of manufacturing processes within an integrated computational materials engineering (ICME) framework. These methods combine macro process data, solidification, precipitation, and recrystallization conditions to predict microstructure evolution and optimize casting parameters. For example, phase-field modeling was used to predict the precipitation and crack tendency of NbC in austenitic stainless steels, improving product qualification rates from 40% to over 80%. It also revealed the internal microstructure evolution of Mg–Li-based alloys during spinodal phase separation, leading to the design of Mg–Li–Al alloys with ultrahigh specific strength. Phase-field simulations of dendritic growth helped optimize alloy and casting mechanical properties by adjusting casting process parameters. Casting is a critical process in metal production, but defects like shrinkage, porosity, and cracks often occur due to the complexity of the process. Traditional trial-and-error methods are inefficient, so numerical simulation software like MAGMASOFT and ProCAST have been developed to optimize casting processes. However, the quality of castings also depends on microstructure, which requires coupling macroscopic casting process simulation with microstructure simulation. The phase-field method, which integrates thermodynamics and kinetics, is ideal for this purpose, as it can describe internal structure evolution under various conditions. The article focuses on the application of I UPFM in analyzing Nb-rich precipitate-induced cracks in continuous casting, revealing spinodal decomposition strengthening mechanisms in Mg–Li–Al alloys, and sealing partition plate castings of ZM5-based alloys. It emphasizes the importance of multiscale integrated phase-field modeling in achieving accurate simulation and design of material composition and structural component processing.The article discusses the application of integrated unified phase-field methods (I UPFM) in the design of high-performance alloys and optimization of manufacturing processes within an integrated computational materials engineering (ICME) framework. These methods combine macro process data, solidification, precipitation, and recrystallization conditions to predict microstructure evolution and optimize casting parameters. For example, phase-field modeling was used to predict the precipitation and crack tendency of NbC in austenitic stainless steels, improving product qualification rates from 40% to over 80%. It also revealed the internal microstructure evolution of Mg–Li-based alloys during spinodal phase separation, leading to the design of Mg–Li–Al alloys with ultrahigh specific strength. Phase-field simulations of dendritic growth helped optimize alloy and casting mechanical properties by adjusting casting process parameters. Casting is a critical process in metal production, but defects like shrinkage, porosity, and cracks often occur due to the complexity of the process. Traditional trial-and-error methods are inefficient, so numerical simulation software like MAGMASOFT and ProCAST have been developed to optimize casting processes. However, the quality of castings also depends on microstructure, which requires coupling macroscopic casting process simulation with microstructure simulation. The phase-field method, which integrates thermodynamics and kinetics, is ideal for this purpose, as it can describe internal structure evolution under various conditions. The article focuses on the application of I UPFM in analyzing Nb-rich precipitate-induced cracks in continuous casting, revealing spinodal decomposition strengthening mechanisms in Mg–Li–Al alloys, and sealing partition plate castings of ZM5-based alloys. It emphasizes the importance of multiscale integrated phase-field modeling in achieving accurate simulation and design of material composition and structural component processing.
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