Gynecological malignancies are among the most common cancers in women, with significant mortality rates. Prevention is crucial to reduce incidence and mortality. Endometrial carcinoma (EC), cervical carcinoma (CC), and ovarian carcinoma (CO) are the most common types. EC is associated with obesity and a high BMI, while weight loss can reduce risk. Oral contraceptive use is linked to lower EC incidence. For CC, vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) is effective in preventing infection and precancerous lesions. Screening methods like Pap tests and HPV tests help detect early lesions. For CO, genetic factors play a major role, and while screening studies have shown limited effectiveness, biomarkers like CA125 and HE4 are promising. Prevention strategies include screening, vaccination, lifestyle changes, and risk management. Integrated approaches combining screening, vaccination, and lifestyle modifications are essential for effective prevention. Understanding risk factors and implementing preventive measures can reduce cancer incidence, improve survival, and lower mortality, especially in high-risk populations.Gynecological malignancies are among the most common cancers in women, with significant mortality rates. Prevention is crucial to reduce incidence and mortality. Endometrial carcinoma (EC), cervical carcinoma (CC), and ovarian carcinoma (CO) are the most common types. EC is associated with obesity and a high BMI, while weight loss can reduce risk. Oral contraceptive use is linked to lower EC incidence. For CC, vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) is effective in preventing infection and precancerous lesions. Screening methods like Pap tests and HPV tests help detect early lesions. For CO, genetic factors play a major role, and while screening studies have shown limited effectiveness, biomarkers like CA125 and HE4 are promising. Prevention strategies include screening, vaccination, lifestyle changes, and risk management. Integrated approaches combining screening, vaccination, and lifestyle modifications are essential for effective prevention. Understanding risk factors and implementing preventive measures can reduce cancer incidence, improve survival, and lower mortality, especially in high-risk populations.