Aptamers are nucleic acid sequences that can recognize a wide range of target molecules with high affinity and specificity, similar to antibodies. They are identified through the SELEX process, which involves iterative selection and amplification of oligonucleotide libraries. Aptamers have the potential to replace or complement antibodies in diagnostic applications due to their ability to be synthesized in large quantities, their stability, and their capacity to be modified for various functions. Unlike antibodies, aptamers can be produced without the need for animal-based systems, making them more versatile and easier to modify. They are also more stable in biological environments and can be functionalized with reporter molecules for detection. The SELEX process allows for the identification of aptamers that can bind to a variety of targets, including small molecules, proteins, and complex structures. Aptamers have been shown to have high specificity and can distinguish between closely related molecules based on subtle structural differences. They are also capable of catalytic activity, which can enhance the sensitivity of diagnostic assays. In flow cytometry, aptamers can be used to label and detect cells expressing specific markers. Overall, aptamers offer a promising alternative to antibodies in diagnostic applications, with the potential to improve the accuracy and efficiency of diagnostic tests.Aptamers are nucleic acid sequences that can recognize a wide range of target molecules with high affinity and specificity, similar to antibodies. They are identified through the SELEX process, which involves iterative selection and amplification of oligonucleotide libraries. Aptamers have the potential to replace or complement antibodies in diagnostic applications due to their ability to be synthesized in large quantities, their stability, and their capacity to be modified for various functions. Unlike antibodies, aptamers can be produced without the need for animal-based systems, making them more versatile and easier to modify. They are also more stable in biological environments and can be functionalized with reporter molecules for detection. The SELEX process allows for the identification of aptamers that can bind to a variety of targets, including small molecules, proteins, and complex structures. Aptamers have been shown to have high specificity and can distinguish between closely related molecules based on subtle structural differences. They are also capable of catalytic activity, which can enhance the sensitivity of diagnostic assays. In flow cytometry, aptamers can be used to label and detect cells expressing specific markers. Overall, aptamers offer a promising alternative to antibodies in diagnostic applications, with the potential to improve the accuracy and efficiency of diagnostic tests.