The article discusses the potential of aptamers as a targeted approach to cancer therapy. Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides that can specifically bind to target sites, making them ideal for targeted therapeutics. They are typically produced through systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) and can be modified to enhance their affinity, specificity, and therapeutic half-life. Aptamers can act as drugs themselves or be used in targeted drug delivery systems to minimize toxicity to healthy cells. The review covers the latest advancements in using aptamers for cancer treatment, including their role in overcoming resistance to conventional therapies. It also highlights the challenges and future directions in aptamer development, such as improving pharmacokinetics, stability, and reducing nuclease degradation. The article concludes by emphasizing the promise of aptamers in personalized cancer treatments and the need for further clinical studies to validate their efficacy.The article discusses the potential of aptamers as a targeted approach to cancer therapy. Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides that can specifically bind to target sites, making them ideal for targeted therapeutics. They are typically produced through systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) and can be modified to enhance their affinity, specificity, and therapeutic half-life. Aptamers can act as drugs themselves or be used in targeted drug delivery systems to minimize toxicity to healthy cells. The review covers the latest advancements in using aptamers for cancer treatment, including their role in overcoming resistance to conventional therapies. It also highlights the challenges and future directions in aptamer development, such as improving pharmacokinetics, stability, and reducing nuclease degradation. The article concludes by emphasizing the promise of aptamers in personalized cancer treatments and the need for further clinical studies to validate their efficacy.