Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a crucial role in alleviating salt stress in plants. Salt stress is a major threat to plant growth and productivity, and AMF help plants by enhancing nutrient uptake, maintaining the K+ : Na+ ratio, and inducing biochemical, physiological, and molecular changes that improve salt tolerance. These changes include the accumulation of proline, betaine, polyamines, carbohydrates, and antioxidants, as well as improved photosynthetic efficiency, water status, and abscissic acid accumulation. AMF also enhance the expression of genes involved in ion transport and stress response, such as PIP, Na+/H+ antiporters, Lsnced, Lslea, and LsP5CS. The review highlights the importance of AMF in improving plant growth and productivity under saline conditions, and identifies areas requiring further research, such as molecular and ultrastructural changes in AMF under salt stress. The review also discusses the occurrence of AMF in saline soils, their ability to colonize halophytes, and the effects of salinity on AMF colonization, spore germination, and hyphal growth. The review emphasizes the potential of AMF as a bio-amelioration tool for saline soils and the need for further studies to fully understand the mechanisms by which AMF protect plants against salt stress.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a crucial role in alleviating salt stress in plants. Salt stress is a major threat to plant growth and productivity, and AMF help plants by enhancing nutrient uptake, maintaining the K+ : Na+ ratio, and inducing biochemical, physiological, and molecular changes that improve salt tolerance. These changes include the accumulation of proline, betaine, polyamines, carbohydrates, and antioxidants, as well as improved photosynthetic efficiency, water status, and abscissic acid accumulation. AMF also enhance the expression of genes involved in ion transport and stress response, such as PIP, Na+/H+ antiporters, Lsnced, Lslea, and LsP5CS. The review highlights the importance of AMF in improving plant growth and productivity under saline conditions, and identifies areas requiring further research, such as molecular and ultrastructural changes in AMF under salt stress. The review also discusses the occurrence of AMF in saline soils, their ability to colonize halophytes, and the effects of salinity on AMF colonization, spore germination, and hyphal growth. The review emphasizes the potential of AMF as a bio-amelioration tool for saline soils and the need for further studies to fully understand the mechanisms by which AMF protect plants against salt stress.