Artificial intelligence and human translation: A contrastive study based on legal texts

Artificial intelligence and human translation: A contrastive study based on legal texts

2024 | Ahmed Mohammed Moneus, Yousef Sahari
This study compares human and artificial intelligence (AI) translations of legal texts to assess their differences and evaluate the quality of AI translations in the legal field. The research investigates whether AI can match human translation in legal contexts and whether human translators may become obsolete with the advancement of AI. A collection of legal texts from various contracts was selected, and these were translated by both human translators and AI systems. A contrastive methodology was used to examine the differences between AI and human translation, analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of both approaches and discussing the situations in which each might be most effective. The study found that human translations generally scored higher than AI translations in both Arabic and English legal texts. Human translations were more accurate, consistent, and better at conveying the intended meaning and legal nuances. AI translations, while generally correct, struggled with complex legal terminology, context, and cultural nuances, often resulting in literal or inaccurate translations. For example, AI systems frequently misinterpreted legal terms like "Act of God" and failed to capture the subtleties of legal language. Human translators have a deeper understanding of languages and cultures, allowing them to convey the intended meaning and tone more effectively. They can handle ambiguous phrases and idiomatic expressions, which are common in legal texts. However, human translation is time-consuming and may not be feasible for large volumes of text. AI, on the other hand, is faster and more scalable, making it suitable for large-scale translation tasks. However, AI lacks the ability to understand context, cultural nuances, and idiomatic expressions, which are crucial in legal translation. The study concludes that while AI has made significant advancements in translation, it still falls short in capturing the complexities and nuances of legal language. Human translation remains superior in legal contexts due to its ability to convey precise meaning and maintain the intended legal effect. However, AI can be a valuable tool for quick and cost-effective translations, especially for non-legal texts. The study highlights the importance of combining AI and human translation to leverage the strengths of both approaches.This study compares human and artificial intelligence (AI) translations of legal texts to assess their differences and evaluate the quality of AI translations in the legal field. The research investigates whether AI can match human translation in legal contexts and whether human translators may become obsolete with the advancement of AI. A collection of legal texts from various contracts was selected, and these were translated by both human translators and AI systems. A contrastive methodology was used to examine the differences between AI and human translation, analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of both approaches and discussing the situations in which each might be most effective. The study found that human translations generally scored higher than AI translations in both Arabic and English legal texts. Human translations were more accurate, consistent, and better at conveying the intended meaning and legal nuances. AI translations, while generally correct, struggled with complex legal terminology, context, and cultural nuances, often resulting in literal or inaccurate translations. For example, AI systems frequently misinterpreted legal terms like "Act of God" and failed to capture the subtleties of legal language. Human translators have a deeper understanding of languages and cultures, allowing them to convey the intended meaning and tone more effectively. They can handle ambiguous phrases and idiomatic expressions, which are common in legal texts. However, human translation is time-consuming and may not be feasible for large volumes of text. AI, on the other hand, is faster and more scalable, making it suitable for large-scale translation tasks. However, AI lacks the ability to understand context, cultural nuances, and idiomatic expressions, which are crucial in legal translation. The study concludes that while AI has made significant advancements in translation, it still falls short in capturing the complexities and nuances of legal language. Human translation remains superior in legal contexts due to its ability to convey precise meaning and maintain the intended legal effect. However, AI can be a valuable tool for quick and cost-effective translations, especially for non-legal texts. The study highlights the importance of combining AI and human translation to leverage the strengths of both approaches.
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