Artificial intelligence (AI) and quantum cryptography are converging to address the challenges of modern cybersecurity. AI's computational power and quantum cryptography's inherent security based on quantum mechanics offer a promising solution to the 'quantum threat' posed by quantum computers. This review explores the intersection of AI and quantum cryptography, highlighting their potential benefits, challenges, and future prospects. Quantum cryptography uses quantum mechanics principles, such as the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and quantum entanglement, to ensure secure communication. Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a key method in this field, allowing two parties to generate a shared secret key that is immune to eavesdropping. However, the advent of quantum computers threatens traditional cryptographic algorithms, necessitating the integration of AI to enhance quantum cryptographic systems. AI can improve quantum cryptographic protocols by enhancing error correction, monitoring systems for security breaches, and optimising quantum key generation. Conversely, quantum cryptography provides a secure framework for AI systems, ensuring data and algorithms remain protected. The integration of AI and quantum cryptography is crucial for future digital security, as it addresses the vulnerabilities of classical cryptography in the quantum computing era. Despite the potential, challenges remain, including technological limitations in quantum systems, data quality issues, and the need for standardisation. The convergence of AI and quantum cryptography presents opportunities for developing quantum-resistant algorithms and enhancing secure communication. However, it also requires collaboration among researchers, policymakers, and industry professionals to ensure the safe and effective implementation of these technologies. The review highlights the importance of continued research and development in this interdisciplinary field, emphasizing the need for policy development and industry engagement to facilitate the transition to quantum-secure cryptographic systems. By leveraging AI's capabilities and quantum cryptography's security, the future of digital communication and data protection can be significantly enhanced.Artificial intelligence (AI) and quantum cryptography are converging to address the challenges of modern cybersecurity. AI's computational power and quantum cryptography's inherent security based on quantum mechanics offer a promising solution to the 'quantum threat' posed by quantum computers. This review explores the intersection of AI and quantum cryptography, highlighting their potential benefits, challenges, and future prospects. Quantum cryptography uses quantum mechanics principles, such as the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and quantum entanglement, to ensure secure communication. Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a key method in this field, allowing two parties to generate a shared secret key that is immune to eavesdropping. However, the advent of quantum computers threatens traditional cryptographic algorithms, necessitating the integration of AI to enhance quantum cryptographic systems. AI can improve quantum cryptographic protocols by enhancing error correction, monitoring systems for security breaches, and optimising quantum key generation. Conversely, quantum cryptography provides a secure framework for AI systems, ensuring data and algorithms remain protected. The integration of AI and quantum cryptography is crucial for future digital security, as it addresses the vulnerabilities of classical cryptography in the quantum computing era. Despite the potential, challenges remain, including technological limitations in quantum systems, data quality issues, and the need for standardisation. The convergence of AI and quantum cryptography presents opportunities for developing quantum-resistant algorithms and enhancing secure communication. However, it also requires collaboration among researchers, policymakers, and industry professionals to ensure the safe and effective implementation of these technologies. The review highlights the importance of continued research and development in this interdisciplinary field, emphasizing the need for policy development and industry engagement to facilitate the transition to quantum-secure cryptographic systems. By leveraging AI's capabilities and quantum cryptography's security, the future of digital communication and data protection can be significantly enhanced.