The 2008 Asian-Pacific consensus statement on the management of chronic hepatitis B was updated based on new data on the natural history and treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. This includes long-term follow-up studies, research on HBV genotypes and mutations, and new therapies. Pegylated interferon α2a, entecavir, and telbivudine have been globally approved. The statement was revised to include general management, special indications for liver biopsy, timing for starting or stopping drug therapy, drug choice for initiation, and monitoring during and after treatment. It also includes recommendations for patients in special circumstances, such as women of childbearing age, those with antiviral resistance, concurrent viral infections, hepatic decompensation, and those receiving immune-suppressive medications or chemotherapy. The key terms used in the statement were defined. The guidelines emphasize the importance of sustained viral suppression to prevent liver damage and disease progression. The main treatments include IFN-based therapy, lamivudine, adefovir, entecavir, and telbivudine. IFN-based therapy has shown effectiveness in achieving HBeAg seroconversion and HBV-DNA suppression, but is associated with adverse effects. PegIFN-α2a has shown superior efficacy compared to conventional IFN-α. Direct antiviral agents such as lamivudine, adefovir, entecavir, and telbivudine are effective in suppressing HBV replication. Lamivudine is well tolerated and effective, but resistance can occur. Adefovir is effective in patients with lamivudine-resistant mutants, but has potential renal toxicity. Entecavir has a high genetic barrier to resistance and is effective in reducing HBV-DNA. Telbivudine is effective in reducing HBV-DNA and has a high genetic barrier to resistance. The guidelines also address the management of special groups, including pregnant women, where IFN-based therapy is contraindicated and nucleoside analogues are considered for preventing mother-to-child transmission. The statement emphasizes the importance of individualized treatment based on patient characteristics and the need for long-term follow-up to monitor disease progression and treatment response.The 2008 Asian-Pacific consensus statement on the management of chronic hepatitis B was updated based on new data on the natural history and treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. This includes long-term follow-up studies, research on HBV genotypes and mutations, and new therapies. Pegylated interferon α2a, entecavir, and telbivudine have been globally approved. The statement was revised to include general management, special indications for liver biopsy, timing for starting or stopping drug therapy, drug choice for initiation, and monitoring during and after treatment. It also includes recommendations for patients in special circumstances, such as women of childbearing age, those with antiviral resistance, concurrent viral infections, hepatic decompensation, and those receiving immune-suppressive medications or chemotherapy. The key terms used in the statement were defined. The guidelines emphasize the importance of sustained viral suppression to prevent liver damage and disease progression. The main treatments include IFN-based therapy, lamivudine, adefovir, entecavir, and telbivudine. IFN-based therapy has shown effectiveness in achieving HBeAg seroconversion and HBV-DNA suppression, but is associated with adverse effects. PegIFN-α2a has shown superior efficacy compared to conventional IFN-α. Direct antiviral agents such as lamivudine, adefovir, entecavir, and telbivudine are effective in suppressing HBV replication. Lamivudine is well tolerated and effective, but resistance can occur. Adefovir is effective in patients with lamivudine-resistant mutants, but has potential renal toxicity. Entecavir has a high genetic barrier to resistance and is effective in reducing HBV-DNA. Telbivudine is effective in reducing HBV-DNA and has a high genetic barrier to resistance. The guidelines also address the management of special groups, including pregnant women, where IFN-based therapy is contraindicated and nucleoside analogues are considered for preventing mother-to-child transmission. The statement emphasizes the importance of individualized treatment based on patient characteristics and the need for long-term follow-up to monitor disease progression and treatment response.