1983, Vol. 44, No. 1, 127-139 | Irwin G. Sarason, Henry M. Levine, Robert B. Basham, and Barbara R. Sarason
The article introduces the Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ), a tool designed to measure perceived social support and satisfaction with available support. Four empirical studies are presented to evaluate the SSQ's psychometric properties and its relationships with various factors. The first study confirms the SSQ's reliability and validity, showing high internal consistency and stability over time. The second study explores the SSQ's correlations with personality measures, finding that high social support is associated with extroversion, lower emotional discomfort, and a more optimistic outlook. The third study examines the SSQ's relation to life events, self-esteem, and locus of control, suggesting that social support is positively related to positive life events and self-esteem, and negatively related to negative life events. The fourth study investigates the SSQ's impact on persistence and cognitive interference in a laboratory task, indicating that social support and an internal locus of control can buffer against stress and enhance performance. The article concludes by discussing the implications of these findings for understanding social support and its role in psychological adjustment and health.The article introduces the Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ), a tool designed to measure perceived social support and satisfaction with available support. Four empirical studies are presented to evaluate the SSQ's psychometric properties and its relationships with various factors. The first study confirms the SSQ's reliability and validity, showing high internal consistency and stability over time. The second study explores the SSQ's correlations with personality measures, finding that high social support is associated with extroversion, lower emotional discomfort, and a more optimistic outlook. The third study examines the SSQ's relation to life events, self-esteem, and locus of control, suggesting that social support is positively related to positive life events and self-esteem, and negatively related to negative life events. The fourth study investigates the SSQ's impact on persistence and cognitive interference in a laboratory task, indicating that social support and an internal locus of control can buffer against stress and enhance performance. The article concludes by discussing the implications of these findings for understanding social support and its role in psychological adjustment and health.