Atherosclerosis is a condition characterized by the buildup of fatty material and calcium deposits in the arterial wall, leading to partial or complete blockage of the arterial lumen. This process can significantly impact blood flow and increase the risk of cardiovascular events.Atherosclerosis is a condition characterized by the buildup of fatty material and calcium deposits in the arterial wall, leading to partial or complete blockage of the arterial lumen. This process can significantly impact blood flow and increase the risk of cardiovascular events.