Direct Air Carbon Capture (DAC) is a critical technology for mitigating climate change by removing carbon dioxide (CO₂) directly from the atmosphere. However, current DAC systems face significant challenges, primarily high energy consumption, which limits their scalability and economic viability. The process involves capturing CO₂ from the air, regenerating sorbent materials, and compressing CO₂ for storage or utilization. These steps require substantial energy, with fan operation for air intake and sorbent regeneration accounting for a large portion of the total energy demand. The energy required for sorbent regeneration varies depending on the sorbent type, with liquid sorbents requiring significantly more energy than solid sorbents. Additionally, CO₂ compression is energy-intensive, with energy consumption ranging from 100 to over 1000 kWh per ton of CO₂ captured, depending on the final pressure required. To reduce energy consumption and enhance the economic viability of DAC, advancements in sorbent efficiency, system design, and integration with renewable energy sources are essential. Innovations in sorbent materials, such as those with higher CO₂ affinity and lower regeneration requirements, can significantly reduce energy demands. Hybrid approaches combining different technologies, such as pressure swing adsorption (PSA) and vacuum swing adsorption (VSA), can also improve energy efficiency. Additionally, the integration of renewable energy sources, such as geothermal and solar, can help reduce the carbon footprint of DAC systems. The cost of DAC systems is also a major challenge. Current estimates range from $200 to $1000 per ton of CO₂, with significant variability depending on the technology and location. However, with advancements in technology and economies of scale, costs are expected to decrease. The use of low-cost, low-carbon energy sources, such as geothermal, can further reduce the overall cost of DAC. Despite these challenges, DAC has the potential to become a key tool in achieving net-zero emissions, provided that energy efficiency and cost reduction strategies are implemented effectively. The integration of DAC with renewable energy sources and the development of more efficient sorbent materials are critical steps toward making DAC a viable and sustainable solution for combating climate change.Direct Air Carbon Capture (DAC) is a critical technology for mitigating climate change by removing carbon dioxide (CO₂) directly from the atmosphere. However, current DAC systems face significant challenges, primarily high energy consumption, which limits their scalability and economic viability. The process involves capturing CO₂ from the air, regenerating sorbent materials, and compressing CO₂ for storage or utilization. These steps require substantial energy, with fan operation for air intake and sorbent regeneration accounting for a large portion of the total energy demand. The energy required for sorbent regeneration varies depending on the sorbent type, with liquid sorbents requiring significantly more energy than solid sorbents. Additionally, CO₂ compression is energy-intensive, with energy consumption ranging from 100 to over 1000 kWh per ton of CO₂ captured, depending on the final pressure required. To reduce energy consumption and enhance the economic viability of DAC, advancements in sorbent efficiency, system design, and integration with renewable energy sources are essential. Innovations in sorbent materials, such as those with higher CO₂ affinity and lower regeneration requirements, can significantly reduce energy demands. Hybrid approaches combining different technologies, such as pressure swing adsorption (PSA) and vacuum swing adsorption (VSA), can also improve energy efficiency. Additionally, the integration of renewable energy sources, such as geothermal and solar, can help reduce the carbon footprint of DAC systems. The cost of DAC systems is also a major challenge. Current estimates range from $200 to $1000 per ton of CO₂, with significant variability depending on the technology and location. However, with advancements in technology and economies of scale, costs are expected to decrease. The use of low-cost, low-carbon energy sources, such as geothermal, can further reduce the overall cost of DAC. Despite these challenges, DAC has the potential to become a key tool in achieving net-zero emissions, provided that energy efficiency and cost reduction strategies are implemented effectively. The integration of DAC with renewable energy sources and the development of more efficient sorbent materials are critical steps toward making DAC a viable and sustainable solution for combating climate change.