Researchers demonstrate that atomic layer graphene can function as a saturable absorber in a mode-locked fiber laser, enabling the generation of ultrashort soliton pulses at the telecommunication band. The modulation depth of graphene can be tuned over a wide range (66.5% to 6.2%) by varying its thickness. The study shows that ultrathin graphene films have potential as optical elements in fiber lasers due to their low saturation intensity, ultrafast recovery time, tunable modulation depth, and wideband tunability. Graphene's unique properties, such as low nonsaturable loss, make it a promising material for ultrafast fiber lasers. The results suggest that graphene can replace traditional saturable absorbers like carbon nanotubes and semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs), offering a lower saturation intensity and larger modulation depth. The study also confirms that graphene can be used to achieve soliton mode locking in fiber lasers, producing stable ultrashort pulses with a pulse width of 756 fs. The findings highlight the potential of graphene in optical communications and fiber laser technology.Researchers demonstrate that atomic layer graphene can function as a saturable absorber in a mode-locked fiber laser, enabling the generation of ultrashort soliton pulses at the telecommunication band. The modulation depth of graphene can be tuned over a wide range (66.5% to 6.2%) by varying its thickness. The study shows that ultrathin graphene films have potential as optical elements in fiber lasers due to their low saturation intensity, ultrafast recovery time, tunable modulation depth, and wideband tunability. Graphene's unique properties, such as low nonsaturable loss, make it a promising material for ultrafast fiber lasers. The results suggest that graphene can replace traditional saturable absorbers like carbon nanotubes and semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs), offering a lower saturation intensity and larger modulation depth. The study also confirms that graphene can be used to achieve soliton mode locking in fiber lasers, producing stable ultrashort pulses with a pulse width of 756 fs. The findings highlight the potential of graphene in optical communications and fiber laser technology.