The chapter discusses the aspects of consciousness, focusing on attention, self-regulation, and consciousness. It highlights the role of executive attention in controlling details of awareness and its close relationship with volition. The authors review experimental evidence suggesting an integrated network of neural areas involved in executive attention, particularly the anterior cingulate gyrus, which is associated with voluntary control, conflict resolution, and error detection. They argue that executive attention develops first to regulate distress during early infancy and later to control cognition and emotion in childhood. The chapter also explores the development of executive control, noting that it involves the interaction between biological and social factors. It discusses the role of the anterior cingulate in regulating distress and the development of conflict resolution and inhibitory control in children. Finally, it touches on the relationship between self-regulation and awareness, suggesting that visual awareness may be a simpler aspect of consciousness that is easier to study.The chapter discusses the aspects of consciousness, focusing on attention, self-regulation, and consciousness. It highlights the role of executive attention in controlling details of awareness and its close relationship with volition. The authors review experimental evidence suggesting an integrated network of neural areas involved in executive attention, particularly the anterior cingulate gyrus, which is associated with voluntary control, conflict resolution, and error detection. They argue that executive attention develops first to regulate distress during early infancy and later to control cognition and emotion in childhood. The chapter also explores the development of executive control, noting that it involves the interaction between biological and social factors. It discusses the role of the anterior cingulate in regulating distress and the development of conflict resolution and inhibitory control in children. Finally, it touches on the relationship between self-regulation and awareness, suggesting that visual awareness may be a simpler aspect of consciousness that is easier to study.