Noise exposure has significant auditory and non-auditory health effects. Auditory effects include noise-induced hearing loss, which is a major preventable cause of hearing impairment, often caused by occupational or recreational noise. Non-auditory effects include annoyance, sleep disturbance, cardiovascular disease, and cognitive impairment in children. Noise exposure is prevalent in daily life and can lead to various health issues, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and impaired cognitive performance. Occupational noise remains a major concern, with millions of workers exposed to hazardous noise levels. Noise-induced hearing loss is a public health issue, affecting a large portion of the global population. Social noise, such as from personal music players and environmental sources like traffic, also contributes to hearing loss and other health problems. Noise-induced hearing loss is influenced by noise exposure and life-course events, affecting all age groups. Scientific advances have improved understanding of the mechanisms behind noise-induced hearing loss, with potential therapeutic strategies on the horizon. Research has shown that noise exposure can lead to tinnitus, which affects quality of life and may be linked to hearing loss. Non-auditory health effects of noise include cardiovascular disease, cognitive impairment in children, and sleep disturbance. Noise exposure is associated with increased blood pressure, heart rate, and stress hormones, contributing to cardiovascular disease. Noise also affects cognitive performance in children, with studies showing negative effects on learning outcomes and cognitive function. Sleep disturbance is a major non-auditory effect of noise, impacting daytime alertness and overall health. Noise in hospitals can affect patient recovery and staff performance, with studies showing that noise levels in hospitals are often higher than recommended. Noise reduction strategies, such as sound-absorbing ceilings and reducing background noise, can improve patient outcomes and staff performance. The review emphasizes the need for noise prevention and mitigation strategies to reduce the health impacts of noise exposure. Public health initiatives should address both general health and auditory health, promoting noise-avoiding and noise-reducing behaviors. Educational campaigns for children and adults can help mitigate the negative health consequences of noise exposure. Efforts to reduce noise exposure can lead to lower levels of annoyance, improved learning environments, better sleep, and reduced prevalence of cardiovascular disease.Noise exposure has significant auditory and non-auditory health effects. Auditory effects include noise-induced hearing loss, which is a major preventable cause of hearing impairment, often caused by occupational or recreational noise. Non-auditory effects include annoyance, sleep disturbance, cardiovascular disease, and cognitive impairment in children. Noise exposure is prevalent in daily life and can lead to various health issues, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and impaired cognitive performance. Occupational noise remains a major concern, with millions of workers exposed to hazardous noise levels. Noise-induced hearing loss is a public health issue, affecting a large portion of the global population. Social noise, such as from personal music players and environmental sources like traffic, also contributes to hearing loss and other health problems. Noise-induced hearing loss is influenced by noise exposure and life-course events, affecting all age groups. Scientific advances have improved understanding of the mechanisms behind noise-induced hearing loss, with potential therapeutic strategies on the horizon. Research has shown that noise exposure can lead to tinnitus, which affects quality of life and may be linked to hearing loss. Non-auditory health effects of noise include cardiovascular disease, cognitive impairment in children, and sleep disturbance. Noise exposure is associated with increased blood pressure, heart rate, and stress hormones, contributing to cardiovascular disease. Noise also affects cognitive performance in children, with studies showing negative effects on learning outcomes and cognitive function. Sleep disturbance is a major non-auditory effect of noise, impacting daytime alertness and overall health. Noise in hospitals can affect patient recovery and staff performance, with studies showing that noise levels in hospitals are often higher than recommended. Noise reduction strategies, such as sound-absorbing ceilings and reducing background noise, can improve patient outcomes and staff performance. The review emphasizes the need for noise prevention and mitigation strategies to reduce the health impacts of noise exposure. Public health initiatives should address both general health and auditory health, promoting noise-avoiding and noise-reducing behaviors. Educational campaigns for children and adults can help mitigate the negative health consequences of noise exposure. Efforts to reduce noise exposure can lead to lower levels of annoyance, improved learning environments, better sleep, and reduced prevalence of cardiovascular disease.