The article provides an overview of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), which are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by impairments in communication, social interaction, and restricted repetitive behaviors or interests. The authors highlight the increasing prevalence of ASDs, with a recent prevalence rate of 6 per 1000 children. They discuss the genetic and environmental factors contributing to the development of ASDs, emphasizing the need for further research to understand the complex etiology. The article also addresses the challenges in diagnosing ASDs, noting that early recognition by physicians is crucial. It outlines the diagnostic tools and procedures used, including structured instruments and clinical assessments. Treatment options, such as early intensive behavioral interventions, are discussed, along with the limitations of conventional medicine and the exploration of complementary and alternative therapies. The authors emphasize the importance of early identification and referral to specialized centers for appropriate evaluation, counseling, and intervention.The article provides an overview of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), which are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by impairments in communication, social interaction, and restricted repetitive behaviors or interests. The authors highlight the increasing prevalence of ASDs, with a recent prevalence rate of 6 per 1000 children. They discuss the genetic and environmental factors contributing to the development of ASDs, emphasizing the need for further research to understand the complex etiology. The article also addresses the challenges in diagnosing ASDs, noting that early recognition by physicians is crucial. It outlines the diagnostic tools and procedures used, including structured instruments and clinical assessments. Treatment options, such as early intensive behavioral interventions, are discussed, along with the limitations of conventional medicine and the exploration of complementary and alternative therapies. The authors emphasize the importance of early identification and referral to specialized centers for appropriate evaluation, counseling, and intervention.