During March and April 2024, a study was conducted on a single dairy farm in Texas, USA, to investigate respiratory and gastrointestinal illnesses in cattle. The study used multiple molecular, cell culture, and next-generation sequencing techniques to detect pathogens. The results indicated that highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus strains of clade 2.3.4.4b were the sole cause of the epizootic. The virus was detected in sick cows but not in healthy cows, suggesting that the respiratory tract may be involved in cow-to-cow transmission. One sick cow also tested positive for bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), which could have been a contributing factor to its illness. The study highlights the importance of monitoring and understanding the transmission dynamics of avian influenza in cattle, particularly in the context of ongoing epizootics in North America.During March and April 2024, a study was conducted on a single dairy farm in Texas, USA, to investigate respiratory and gastrointestinal illnesses in cattle. The study used multiple molecular, cell culture, and next-generation sequencing techniques to detect pathogens. The results indicated that highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus strains of clade 2.3.4.4b were the sole cause of the epizootic. The virus was detected in sick cows but not in healthy cows, suggesting that the respiratory tract may be involved in cow-to-cow transmission. One sick cow also tested positive for bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), which could have been a contributing factor to its illness. The study highlights the importance of monitoring and understanding the transmission dynamics of avian influenza in cattle, particularly in the context of ongoing epizootics in North America.