Green tea, derived from Camellia sinensis, contains polyphenols, particularly catechins like (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), which are associated with various health benefits. These include anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cardioprotective effects. Research indicates that green tea may help prevent chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular conditions. It also shows potential in reducing oxidative stress, improving lipid metabolism, and enhancing bone health. However, long-term consumption may have adverse effects, particularly on iron absorption and interactions with drug-metabolizing enzymes. Green tea's polyphenols may influence the absorption and metabolism of minerals and drugs, and high doses could lead to toxicity. While green tea is beneficial, its effects vary among individuals, and more research is needed to fully understand its mechanisms and safety. The review highlights the need for further studies to establish the optimal dosage and long-term safety of green tea consumption.Green tea, derived from Camellia sinensis, contains polyphenols, particularly catechins like (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), which are associated with various health benefits. These include anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cardioprotective effects. Research indicates that green tea may help prevent chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular conditions. It also shows potential in reducing oxidative stress, improving lipid metabolism, and enhancing bone health. However, long-term consumption may have adverse effects, particularly on iron absorption and interactions with drug-metabolizing enzymes. Green tea's polyphenols may influence the absorption and metabolism of minerals and drugs, and high doses could lead to toxicity. While green tea is beneficial, its effects vary among individuals, and more research is needed to fully understand its mechanisms and safety. The review highlights the need for further studies to establish the optimal dosage and long-term safety of green tea consumption.