The research report by Yijie Weng and Jianhao Wu explores the integration of big data and machine learning (ML) in defense operations, highlighting their potential to enhance intelligence gathering, strategic decision-making, and operational efficiency. The study delves into the applications, benefits, and challenges of these technologies, emphasizing the need for robust data management, ethical guidelines, and regulatory frameworks. Key areas of focus include intelligence gathering and analysis, predictive analytics, cybersecurity, and logistics optimization. The report identifies significant benefits such as enhanced situational awareness and threat detection, but also highlights challenges like data quality, privacy concerns, and computational requirements. Ethical considerations, including algorithmic bias and transparency, are crucial for responsible implementation. The study provides recommendations for policymakers, defense organizations, and researchers to ensure the responsible adoption of big data and ML in defense, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and continuous research.The research report by Yijie Weng and Jianhao Wu explores the integration of big data and machine learning (ML) in defense operations, highlighting their potential to enhance intelligence gathering, strategic decision-making, and operational efficiency. The study delves into the applications, benefits, and challenges of these technologies, emphasizing the need for robust data management, ethical guidelines, and regulatory frameworks. Key areas of focus include intelligence gathering and analysis, predictive analytics, cybersecurity, and logistics optimization. The report identifies significant benefits such as enhanced situational awareness and threat detection, but also highlights challenges like data quality, privacy concerns, and computational requirements. Ethical considerations, including algorithmic bias and transparency, are crucial for responsible implementation. The study provides recommendations for policymakers, defense organizations, and researchers to ensure the responsible adoption of big data and ML in defense, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and continuous research.