Bioactive peptides, derived from natural sources, have emerged as a promising alternative therapeutic approach for cancer management. These peptides, obtained from plant and animal sources, exhibit anticancer, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory properties. They can inhibit cancer cell growth, induce apoptosis, and modulate immune responses, offering potential benefits in cancer treatment. This review highlights the current research on bioactive peptides, emphasizing their potential as complementary therapies to conventional cancer treatments. Anticancer peptides from plant proteins, such as those derived from common beans, chickpeas, wheat germ, and mung beans, have demonstrated antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. Peptides from marine sources also show potential in inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis. Additionally, bioactive peptides from animal proteins, including those from blood clams, scorpions, spiders, and bees, have been identified for their anticancer properties. These peptides can induce apoptosis, inhibit cell proliferation, and modulate immune responses. Immunomodulatory bioactive peptides from plant and animal sources have also been studied for their ability to enhance or suppress immune responses. These peptides can stimulate the production of cytokines, enhance the activity of immune cells, and modulate the immune system to improve cancer treatment outcomes. For example, peptides derived from soybean and wheat have shown immunomodulatory effects, including the regulation of cytokine production and immune cell activity. Despite their potential, further research is needed to fully characterize the mechanisms of action and clinical utility of bioactive peptides in cancer treatment. The development of more effective and targeted therapies remains a priority, with ongoing studies exploring the use of bioactive peptides in combination with conventional cancer treatments. Overall, bioactive peptides offer a promising avenue for therapeutic interventions, leveraging the body's immune system to combat cancer and improve patient outcomes.Bioactive peptides, derived from natural sources, have emerged as a promising alternative therapeutic approach for cancer management. These peptides, obtained from plant and animal sources, exhibit anticancer, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory properties. They can inhibit cancer cell growth, induce apoptosis, and modulate immune responses, offering potential benefits in cancer treatment. This review highlights the current research on bioactive peptides, emphasizing their potential as complementary therapies to conventional cancer treatments. Anticancer peptides from plant proteins, such as those derived from common beans, chickpeas, wheat germ, and mung beans, have demonstrated antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. Peptides from marine sources also show potential in inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis. Additionally, bioactive peptides from animal proteins, including those from blood clams, scorpions, spiders, and bees, have been identified for their anticancer properties. These peptides can induce apoptosis, inhibit cell proliferation, and modulate immune responses. Immunomodulatory bioactive peptides from plant and animal sources have also been studied for their ability to enhance or suppress immune responses. These peptides can stimulate the production of cytokines, enhance the activity of immune cells, and modulate the immune system to improve cancer treatment outcomes. For example, peptides derived from soybean and wheat have shown immunomodulatory effects, including the regulation of cytokine production and immune cell activity. Despite their potential, further research is needed to fully characterize the mechanisms of action and clinical utility of bioactive peptides in cancer treatment. The development of more effective and targeted therapies remains a priority, with ongoing studies exploring the use of bioactive peptides in combination with conventional cancer treatments. Overall, bioactive peptides offer a promising avenue for therapeutic interventions, leveraging the body's immune system to combat cancer and improve patient outcomes.