The article discusses the importance of urban green spaces (UGS) in conserving global biodiversity and the challenges associated with their management. UGS, which include natural, semi-natural, and artificial ecological systems within and around cities, play a crucial role in supporting biodiversity and providing ecosystem services. However, managing UGS is complex due to the interaction of social, cultural, and economic factors. The authors identify four main challenges: (1) managing UGS at multiple scales while considering socioeconomic and cultural influences, (2) coordinating the management activities of multiple stakeholders, (3) addressing the impact of management techniques on biodiversity, and (4) managing novel ecosystems that contain both native and non-native species. They emphasize the need for better coordination among stakeholders, understanding the trade-offs between human needs and ecological processes, and developing more effective management strategies. The article also highlights the importance of research and collaboration between ecologists, managers, developers, and citizens to enhance biodiversity in UGS.The article discusses the importance of urban green spaces (UGS) in conserving global biodiversity and the challenges associated with their management. UGS, which include natural, semi-natural, and artificial ecological systems within and around cities, play a crucial role in supporting biodiversity and providing ecosystem services. However, managing UGS is complex due to the interaction of social, cultural, and economic factors. The authors identify four main challenges: (1) managing UGS at multiple scales while considering socioeconomic and cultural influences, (2) coordinating the management activities of multiple stakeholders, (3) addressing the impact of management techniques on biodiversity, and (4) managing novel ecosystems that contain both native and non-native species. They emphasize the need for better coordination among stakeholders, understanding the trade-offs between human needs and ecological processes, and developing more effective management strategies. The article also highlights the importance of research and collaboration between ecologists, managers, developers, and citizens to enhance biodiversity in UGS.