Biomimetic ZIF-8 nanoparticles represent a novel approach for drug delivery systems. ZIF-8, a metal-organic framework (MOF), is known for its stability in aqueous environments and ability to decompose under acidic conditions, making it suitable for pH-responsive drug delivery. Biomimetic materials enhance nanoparticle targeting, prolong circulation time, and increase bioavailability by mimicking natural structures. This review discusses the latest advancements in biomimetic ZIF-8 nanoparticles for drug delivery, highlighting challenges and future prospects. ZIF-8 is synthesized using various methods, including multiple emulsification-solvent evaporation, solvent evaporation seeding coupled with microwave-assisted heating, and direct solvent-free synthesis. These methods produce ZIF-8 with controlled size, shape, and stability. Surface functionalization with biomimetic materials enhances biocompatibility and enables targeted drug delivery. Common modifications include PEGylation, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, and polyvinylpyrrolidone, which improve drug loading and release control. Biomimetic strategies using natural cell membranes, such as erythrocyte membranes, enhance biocompatibility, stability, and targeted delivery. For example, erythrocyte membrane-coated nanoparticles can evade immune clearance and deliver drugs to specific sites. Similarly, cancer cell membranes, such as those from HepG2 and 4T1 cells, offer immune evasion and targeted delivery capabilities. These membranes can be used to encapsulate drugs and enhance therapeutic efficacy. Neutrophil membranes are also explored for their ability to target inflammation and deliver therapeutic agents. Stem cell membranes provide targeted delivery to specific tissues, while extracellular vesicles (EVs) offer efficient drug delivery and protection from degradation. Polysaccharides like hyaluronic acid (HA) are used to enhance drug loading and targeted delivery. ZIF-8 nanoparticles are also applied in chemodynamic therapy (CDT), where they generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) for cancer treatment. These nanoparticles can be combined with other therapies, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT), to enhance treatment efficacy. Additionally, ZIF-8 has potential in antimicrobial therapy, where it can be used to deliver antibiotics and inhibit bacterial growth. Overall, biomimetic ZIF-8 nanoparticles offer promising applications in drug delivery, cancer therapy, and antimicrobial treatments. Their unique properties, such as biocompatibility, stability, and targeted delivery, make them valuable for biomedical applications. Future research should focus on optimizing their synthesis, enhancing their targeting capabilities, and addressing challenges related to their stability and biocompatibility.Biomimetic ZIF-8 nanoparticles represent a novel approach for drug delivery systems. ZIF-8, a metal-organic framework (MOF), is known for its stability in aqueous environments and ability to decompose under acidic conditions, making it suitable for pH-responsive drug delivery. Biomimetic materials enhance nanoparticle targeting, prolong circulation time, and increase bioavailability by mimicking natural structures. This review discusses the latest advancements in biomimetic ZIF-8 nanoparticles for drug delivery, highlighting challenges and future prospects. ZIF-8 is synthesized using various methods, including multiple emulsification-solvent evaporation, solvent evaporation seeding coupled with microwave-assisted heating, and direct solvent-free synthesis. These methods produce ZIF-8 with controlled size, shape, and stability. Surface functionalization with biomimetic materials enhances biocompatibility and enables targeted drug delivery. Common modifications include PEGylation, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, and polyvinylpyrrolidone, which improve drug loading and release control. Biomimetic strategies using natural cell membranes, such as erythrocyte membranes, enhance biocompatibility, stability, and targeted delivery. For example, erythrocyte membrane-coated nanoparticles can evade immune clearance and deliver drugs to specific sites. Similarly, cancer cell membranes, such as those from HepG2 and 4T1 cells, offer immune evasion and targeted delivery capabilities. These membranes can be used to encapsulate drugs and enhance therapeutic efficacy. Neutrophil membranes are also explored for their ability to target inflammation and deliver therapeutic agents. Stem cell membranes provide targeted delivery to specific tissues, while extracellular vesicles (EVs) offer efficient drug delivery and protection from degradation. Polysaccharides like hyaluronic acid (HA) are used to enhance drug loading and targeted delivery. ZIF-8 nanoparticles are also applied in chemodynamic therapy (CDT), where they generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) for cancer treatment. These nanoparticles can be combined with other therapies, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT), to enhance treatment efficacy. Additionally, ZIF-8 has potential in antimicrobial therapy, where it can be used to deliver antibiotics and inhibit bacterial growth. Overall, biomimetic ZIF-8 nanoparticles offer promising applications in drug delivery, cancer therapy, and antimicrobial treatments. Their unique properties, such as biocompatibility, stability, and targeted delivery, make them valuable for biomedical applications. Future research should focus on optimizing their synthesis, enhancing their targeting capabilities, and addressing challenges related to their stability and biocompatibility.