This review discusses the bioremediation of hazardous heavy metals (HMs) by marine microorganisms, focusing on their role in detoxifying and transforming HMs. HMs such as Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni, Cd, and Hg are persistent pollutants that pose significant risks to ecosystems and human health. Traditional methods for HMs remediation are often ineffective and costly, making bioremediation a promising alternative. Marine microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and microalgae, have shown remarkable potential in bioremediation due to their ability to absorb, accumulate, and transform HMs. The review outlines various bioremediation techniques, including biosorption, bioaccumulation, bioleaching, and biotransformation, and highlights the mechanisms by which microorganisms detoxify HMs. The study also emphasizes the importance of understanding the environmental factors influencing microbial bioremediation, such as pH, temperature, and metal concentration. The review discusses the potential of marine microorganisms in bioremediation, particularly their ability to produce extracellular polymeric substances and biofilms, which enhance their effectiveness in removing HMs from contaminated environments. The findings suggest that marine microorganisms could be a valuable resource for the sustainable remediation of HMs in aquatic ecosystems.This review discusses the bioremediation of hazardous heavy metals (HMs) by marine microorganisms, focusing on their role in detoxifying and transforming HMs. HMs such as Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni, Cd, and Hg are persistent pollutants that pose significant risks to ecosystems and human health. Traditional methods for HMs remediation are often ineffective and costly, making bioremediation a promising alternative. Marine microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and microalgae, have shown remarkable potential in bioremediation due to their ability to absorb, accumulate, and transform HMs. The review outlines various bioremediation techniques, including biosorption, bioaccumulation, bioleaching, and biotransformation, and highlights the mechanisms by which microorganisms detoxify HMs. The study also emphasizes the importance of understanding the environmental factors influencing microbial bioremediation, such as pH, temperature, and metal concentration. The review discusses the potential of marine microorganisms in bioremediation, particularly their ability to produce extracellular polymeric substances and biofilms, which enhance their effectiveness in removing HMs from contaminated environments. The findings suggest that marine microorganisms could be a valuable resource for the sustainable remediation of HMs in aquatic ecosystems.