Biosensing platforms for cardiac biomarker detection have gained significant attention due to their potential in improving the rapid, accurate, and sensitive diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI). Traditional diagnostic methods for MI are limited by their time-consuming nature and lack of sensitivity, prompting the development of advanced biosensors. Biosensors combine biological elements with physicochemical transducers to detect and quantify specific analytes, playing a crucial role in healthcare, environmental monitoring, and biotechnology. These biosensors are typically electrochemical, mass, or optical in nature, and nanomaterials have enhanced their sensitivity and specificity. This review discusses the fundamental principles of nanomaterials, their diverse properties, and their integration into biosensors for cardiovascular disease diagnosis. It also explores the current biosensors for cardiac biomarker detection, their advantages and limitations, and future perspectives. Cardiac biomarkers such as troponin I, troponin T, creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), myoglobin, and C-reactive protein (CRP) are critical for diagnosing MI. Electrochemical biosensors, such as those based on gold electrodes and graphene oxide, offer high sensitivity and specificity. Mass biosensors like quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and surface acoustic wave (SAW) biosensors provide label-free detection with high sensitivity. Optical biosensors, including surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and Raman spectroscopy, enable real-time and sensitive detection. The integration of nanomaterials in biosensors has significantly improved their performance, enabling the detection of biomarkers at very low concentrations. Future perspectives include the development of wearable and point-of-care biosensors for rapid and accurate diagnosis of MI. This review highlights the importance of biosensors in the early detection and management of cardiovascular diseases, emphasizing their potential in improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs.Biosensing platforms for cardiac biomarker detection have gained significant attention due to their potential in improving the rapid, accurate, and sensitive diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI). Traditional diagnostic methods for MI are limited by their time-consuming nature and lack of sensitivity, prompting the development of advanced biosensors. Biosensors combine biological elements with physicochemical transducers to detect and quantify specific analytes, playing a crucial role in healthcare, environmental monitoring, and biotechnology. These biosensors are typically electrochemical, mass, or optical in nature, and nanomaterials have enhanced their sensitivity and specificity. This review discusses the fundamental principles of nanomaterials, their diverse properties, and their integration into biosensors for cardiovascular disease diagnosis. It also explores the current biosensors for cardiac biomarker detection, their advantages and limitations, and future perspectives. Cardiac biomarkers such as troponin I, troponin T, creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), myoglobin, and C-reactive protein (CRP) are critical for diagnosing MI. Electrochemical biosensors, such as those based on gold electrodes and graphene oxide, offer high sensitivity and specificity. Mass biosensors like quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and surface acoustic wave (SAW) biosensors provide label-free detection with high sensitivity. Optical biosensors, including surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and Raman spectroscopy, enable real-time and sensitive detection. The integration of nanomaterials in biosensors has significantly improved their performance, enabling the detection of biomarkers at very low concentrations. Future perspectives include the development of wearable and point-of-care biosensors for rapid and accurate diagnosis of MI. This review highlights the importance of biosensors in the early detection and management of cardiovascular diseases, emphasizing their potential in improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs.