This review provides a comprehensive overview of biosensing platforms for cardiac biomarker detection, particularly in the context of myocardial infarction (MI). It highlights the importance of rapid and accurate diagnosis of MI due to its high mortality and morbidity rates. Traditional diagnostic methods have limitations, leading researchers to explore biosensors, which combine biological elements with physicochemical transducers to detect specific compounds. The review discusses the three primary types of biosensors: electrochemical, mass, and optical biosensors, and their applications in cardiovascular disease diagnosis. Nanomaterials have emerged as revolutionary components in biosensing, enhancing sensitivity and specificity. The review covers the fundamental principles of nanomaterials, their diverse properties, and their integration into biosensors. It also delves into the performance and key characteristics of the latest biosensors designed for cardiac biomarker detection, including troponin, creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), myoglobin, and C-reactive protein (CRP). The review presents several case studies and examples of biosensors for cardiac biomarker detection, such as electrochemical biosensors for troponin I, mass biosensors for myoglobin, and optical biosensors for CRP. These biosensors demonstrate high sensitivity and specificity, making them valuable tools in clinical diagnostics. Despite the advancements, the review identifies several challenges and limitations, including the need for better integration with clinical workflows, optimizing biosensor performance, enhancing sensitivity for low-abundance analytes, improving specificity in complex sample matrices, and simplifying sample preparation processes. Future perspectives include developing compact, portable biosensors, improving regeneration strategies, ensuring biocompatibility, and reducing production costs. In conclusion, biosensors offer promising solutions for cardiac biomarker detection, but further research is needed to address existing challenges and enhance their clinical utility.This review provides a comprehensive overview of biosensing platforms for cardiac biomarker detection, particularly in the context of myocardial infarction (MI). It highlights the importance of rapid and accurate diagnosis of MI due to its high mortality and morbidity rates. Traditional diagnostic methods have limitations, leading researchers to explore biosensors, which combine biological elements with physicochemical transducers to detect specific compounds. The review discusses the three primary types of biosensors: electrochemical, mass, and optical biosensors, and their applications in cardiovascular disease diagnosis. Nanomaterials have emerged as revolutionary components in biosensing, enhancing sensitivity and specificity. The review covers the fundamental principles of nanomaterials, their diverse properties, and their integration into biosensors. It also delves into the performance and key characteristics of the latest biosensors designed for cardiac biomarker detection, including troponin, creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), myoglobin, and C-reactive protein (CRP). The review presents several case studies and examples of biosensors for cardiac biomarker detection, such as electrochemical biosensors for troponin I, mass biosensors for myoglobin, and optical biosensors for CRP. These biosensors demonstrate high sensitivity and specificity, making them valuable tools in clinical diagnostics. Despite the advancements, the review identifies several challenges and limitations, including the need for better integration with clinical workflows, optimizing biosensor performance, enhancing sensitivity for low-abundance analytes, improving specificity in complex sample matrices, and simplifying sample preparation processes. Future perspectives include developing compact, portable biosensors, improving regeneration strategies, ensuring biocompatibility, and reducing production costs. In conclusion, biosensors offer promising solutions for cardiac biomarker detection, but further research is needed to address existing challenges and enhance their clinical utility.