Bone tissue engineering (BTE) and nanotechnology are promising approaches for bone regeneration. Traditional bone grafts have limitations, such as poor osteoinductivity and high risk of infection. BTE uses biomaterials to mimic natural bone structure, but current materials lack ideal properties. Nanotechnology enhances scaffold properties through nanoengineered particles, improving mechanical strength, cell adhesion, and osteogenesis. Nanomaterials like nanoparticles (NPs) from ceramics, metals, and polymers offer unique properties for bone regeneration. Organic NPs, such as collagen and gelatin, improve biocompatibility and cell adhesion. Synthetic polymers like PLA and PLGA are used for scaffolds with controlled degradation. Inorganic NPs, including metal and ceramic NPs, enhance osteogenic differentiation and antibacterial properties. Metal NPs like Ag and Au promote bone healing and reduce infection. Ceramic NPs like HA and b-TCP improve osteoconductivity and mechanical strength. Hydrogels and composite scaffolds also show promise. This review highlights the potential of combining nanotechnology with BTE to develop effective bone regeneration strategies.Bone tissue engineering (BTE) and nanotechnology are promising approaches for bone regeneration. Traditional bone grafts have limitations, such as poor osteoinductivity and high risk of infection. BTE uses biomaterials to mimic natural bone structure, but current materials lack ideal properties. Nanotechnology enhances scaffold properties through nanoengineered particles, improving mechanical strength, cell adhesion, and osteogenesis. Nanomaterials like nanoparticles (NPs) from ceramics, metals, and polymers offer unique properties for bone regeneration. Organic NPs, such as collagen and gelatin, improve biocompatibility and cell adhesion. Synthetic polymers like PLA and PLGA are used for scaffolds with controlled degradation. Inorganic NPs, including metal and ceramic NPs, enhance osteogenic differentiation and antibacterial properties. Metal NPs like Ag and Au promote bone healing and reduce infection. Ceramic NPs like HA and b-TCP improve osteoconductivity and mechanical strength. Hydrogels and composite scaffolds also show promise. This review highlights the potential of combining nanotechnology with BTE to develop effective bone regeneration strategies.