Bone-targeted nano-drugs and nano-delivery systems are promising approaches for treating bone-related disorders, as conventional therapies often fail due to short half-lives and severe side effects. Advances in nanotechnology have enabled the development of nano-drugs and nano-delivery systems that can target bone tissues more effectively. These systems utilize calcium-based nanoparticles and bisphosphonates (BPs), which have high affinity for bone and can be used as both drugs and delivery systems. The ability to deliver drugs specifically to bone sites in a controlled manner offers a safer and more effective treatment for bone diseases, including cancers. Bone diseases, such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and bone metastases, are significant health issues with limited effective treatments. Bone cancers, in particular, lack effective therapies, and current treatments often result in severe side effects. Calcium-based nanomaterials, which are abundant in bone tissue, show potential for bone disease treatment and drug delivery. These materials can modulate calcium metabolism and the bone microenvironment to inhibit disease progression. Calcium metabolism is crucial for bone health, with intracellular and extracellular calcium levels playing a key role in bone formation and resorption. Disruptions in calcium homeostasis can lead to bone diseases. Calcium-based nanomaterials can be used to regulate calcium levels and influence bone metabolism. Additionally, calcium-based nanomaterials can be used to deliver drugs to bone sites, enhancing their therapeutic effects. Bisphosphonates, which are used to treat osteoporosis and bone cancers, can also serve as delivery systems for bone-targeted therapies. These drugs have a high affinity for bone and can be used to deliver other therapeutic agents to bone tissues. The use of calcium-based nanomaterials in bone disease treatment is an emerging area of research, with promising results in preclinical studies. In conclusion, bone-targeted nano-drugs and nano-delivery systems offer a promising approach for treating bone-related disorders. These systems can enhance drug delivery to bone sites, improve treatment efficacy, and reduce side effects. The development of calcium-based nanomaterials and bisphosphonates as delivery systems is an important area of research in the treatment of bone diseases.Bone-targeted nano-drugs and nano-delivery systems are promising approaches for treating bone-related disorders, as conventional therapies often fail due to short half-lives and severe side effects. Advances in nanotechnology have enabled the development of nano-drugs and nano-delivery systems that can target bone tissues more effectively. These systems utilize calcium-based nanoparticles and bisphosphonates (BPs), which have high affinity for bone and can be used as both drugs and delivery systems. The ability to deliver drugs specifically to bone sites in a controlled manner offers a safer and more effective treatment for bone diseases, including cancers. Bone diseases, such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and bone metastases, are significant health issues with limited effective treatments. Bone cancers, in particular, lack effective therapies, and current treatments often result in severe side effects. Calcium-based nanomaterials, which are abundant in bone tissue, show potential for bone disease treatment and drug delivery. These materials can modulate calcium metabolism and the bone microenvironment to inhibit disease progression. Calcium metabolism is crucial for bone health, with intracellular and extracellular calcium levels playing a key role in bone formation and resorption. Disruptions in calcium homeostasis can lead to bone diseases. Calcium-based nanomaterials can be used to regulate calcium levels and influence bone metabolism. Additionally, calcium-based nanomaterials can be used to deliver drugs to bone sites, enhancing their therapeutic effects. Bisphosphonates, which are used to treat osteoporosis and bone cancers, can also serve as delivery systems for bone-targeted therapies. These drugs have a high affinity for bone and can be used to deliver other therapeutic agents to bone tissues. The use of calcium-based nanomaterials in bone disease treatment is an emerging area of research, with promising results in preclinical studies. In conclusion, bone-targeted nano-drugs and nano-delivery systems offer a promising approach for treating bone-related disorders. These systems can enhance drug delivery to bone sites, improve treatment efficacy, and reduce side effects. The development of calcium-based nanomaterials and bisphosphonates as delivery systems is an important area of research in the treatment of bone diseases.