The book "Knowledge Representation: Logical, Philosophical, and Computational Foundations" by John F. Sowa is a comprehensive textbook that covers the application of logic and ontology in constructing computable models for various domains. Sowa defines knowledge representation as the process of mapping real-world knowledge to a computable form, emphasizing its broader scope beyond artificial intelligence. The book discusses a wide range of knowledge representations, including rules, frames, semantic networks, object-oriented languages, Prolog, Java, SQL, Petri nets, and the Knowledge Interchange Format (KIF). It primarily uses predicate calculus and conceptual graphs as key notations, with conceptual graphs being a two-dimensional form of logic based on AI semantic networks and C. S. Peirce's logical graphs. The book is structured into several chapters, each focusing on different aspects of knowledge representation. Chapter 1 introduces logic, tracing its historical development from Plato to modern predicate calculus. Chapter 2 delves into ontology, exploring the study of entities and categories through historical figures like Aristotle, Kant, and Heidegger. Chapter 3 discusses various knowledge representations, including frames, rules, data, object-oriented systems, natural language semantics, and levels of representation. Chapter 4 focuses on processes, using Petri nets and conceptual graphs to represent dynamic events and procedures. Chapter 5 examines purposes, contexts, and agents, integrating concepts from Peirce, McCarthy, and Barwise and Perry. Chapter 6 addresses complex forms of knowledge, such as vagueness, uncertainty, and nonmonotonic logic. Chapter 7 covers knowledge sharing and acquisition, including ontologies, conceptual schemas, and language patterns. The book is intended for both practitioners and students, offering extensive exercises and detailed appendices. It is praised for its broad coverage and interesting discussions but criticized for its heavy reliance on conceptual graphs and lack of a clear organizing principle. The reviewer, Stuart C. Shapiro, suggests that the book is valuable for those interested in the foundations of knowledge representation, particularly for its insights into the historical and philosophical underpinnings of the field.The book "Knowledge Representation: Logical, Philosophical, and Computational Foundations" by John F. Sowa is a comprehensive textbook that covers the application of logic and ontology in constructing computable models for various domains. Sowa defines knowledge representation as the process of mapping real-world knowledge to a computable form, emphasizing its broader scope beyond artificial intelligence. The book discusses a wide range of knowledge representations, including rules, frames, semantic networks, object-oriented languages, Prolog, Java, SQL, Petri nets, and the Knowledge Interchange Format (KIF). It primarily uses predicate calculus and conceptual graphs as key notations, with conceptual graphs being a two-dimensional form of logic based on AI semantic networks and C. S. Peirce's logical graphs. The book is structured into several chapters, each focusing on different aspects of knowledge representation. Chapter 1 introduces logic, tracing its historical development from Plato to modern predicate calculus. Chapter 2 delves into ontology, exploring the study of entities and categories through historical figures like Aristotle, Kant, and Heidegger. Chapter 3 discusses various knowledge representations, including frames, rules, data, object-oriented systems, natural language semantics, and levels of representation. Chapter 4 focuses on processes, using Petri nets and conceptual graphs to represent dynamic events and procedures. Chapter 5 examines purposes, contexts, and agents, integrating concepts from Peirce, McCarthy, and Barwise and Perry. Chapter 6 addresses complex forms of knowledge, such as vagueness, uncertainty, and nonmonotonic logic. Chapter 7 covers knowledge sharing and acquisition, including ontologies, conceptual schemas, and language patterns. The book is intended for both practitioners and students, offering extensive exercises and detailed appendices. It is praised for its broad coverage and interesting discussions but criticized for its heavy reliance on conceptual graphs and lack of a clear organizing principle. The reviewer, Stuart C. Shapiro, suggests that the book is valuable for those interested in the foundations of knowledge representation, particularly for its insights into the historical and philosophical underpinnings of the field.