Fernando Gómez-Pinilla reviews the impact of nutrients on brain function and mental health. He highlights how dietary factors influence neuronal function, synaptic plasticity, and cognitive processes. Gut hormones like leptin, ghrelin, and GLP1 affect emotions and cognition, while omega-3 fatty acids support brain health, whereas high saturated fat diets may impair cognitive function. The brain's energy metabolism is closely linked to cognitive processes, with BDNF and IGF1 playing key roles. Nutrients such as omega-3s, folate, and antioxidants like curcumin and vitamin E can enhance synaptic plasticity and cognitive function. Caloric restriction and exercise also improve brain function. Dietary factors can influence epigenetic mechanisms, affecting long-term brain health. The article emphasizes the importance of balanced diets and the need for further research to understand how nutrients modulate brain function and mental health. It also discusses the role of diet in preventing and treating mental disorders, and the potential of dietary interventions in promoting cognitive health and preventing age-related cognitive decline.Fernando Gómez-Pinilla reviews the impact of nutrients on brain function and mental health. He highlights how dietary factors influence neuronal function, synaptic plasticity, and cognitive processes. Gut hormones like leptin, ghrelin, and GLP1 affect emotions and cognition, while omega-3 fatty acids support brain health, whereas high saturated fat diets may impair cognitive function. The brain's energy metabolism is closely linked to cognitive processes, with BDNF and IGF1 playing key roles. Nutrients such as omega-3s, folate, and antioxidants like curcumin and vitamin E can enhance synaptic plasticity and cognitive function. Caloric restriction and exercise also improve brain function. Dietary factors can influence epigenetic mechanisms, affecting long-term brain health. The article emphasizes the importance of balanced diets and the need for further research to understand how nutrients modulate brain function and mental health. It also discusses the role of diet in preventing and treating mental disorders, and the potential of dietary interventions in promoting cognitive health and preventing age-related cognitive decline.