Breast Cancer Statistics, 2015: Convergence of Incidence Rates Between Black and White Women

Breast Cancer Statistics, 2015: Convergence of Incidence Rates Between Black and White Women

2016 | Carol E. DeSantis, MPH; Stacey A. Fedewa, MPH; Ann Goding Sauer, MPhS; Joan L. Kramer, MD; Robert A. Smith, PhD; Ahmedin Jemal, DVM, PhD
In 2015, approximately 231,840 new invasive breast cancer cases and 40,290 deaths were expected among US women. Breast cancer incidence rates increased among non-Hispanic black and Asian/Pacific Islander women, while rates were stable among non-Hispanic white, Hispanic, and American Indian/Alaska Native women from 2008 to 2012. Although white women historically had higher incidence rates than black women, in 2012, the rates converged. However, in 7 states, particularly in the South, black women had significantly higher incidence rates than white women. From 1989 to 2012, breast cancer death rates decreased by 36%, preventing 249,000 deaths. This decrease was observed in all racial/ethnic groups except American Indians/Alaska Natives. The mortality disparity between black and white women continued to widen, with black women having 42% higher death rates in 2012. From 2003 to 2012, breast cancer death rates declined for white women in all 50 states, but for black women, declines occurred in 27 of 30 states. In three states, death rates remained stable. Racial disparities in breast cancer mortality are likely to continue due to increasing incidence rates in black women. Breast cancer incidence rates increased among black and Asian/Pacific Islander women but were stable among other groups. Black women had the smallest proportion of HR+/HER2− breast cancers and the largest proportion of HR−/HER2− breast cancers. Triple-negative breast cancers, which are more aggressive, are more common in black women. White women had the highest proportion of HR+/HER2− breast cancers, while API women had the largest proportion of HR−/HER2+ breast cancers. HR+/HER2− breast cancers have higher survival rates. Breast cancer mortality rates varied by race/ethnicity, with black women having higher rates than white women. This disparity is influenced by factors such as stage at diagnosis, tumor characteristics, obesity, and access to care. Mammography screening rates varied by state, with higher rates in some states leading to earlier diagnosis and better outcomes. Despite similar current mammography screening rates in black and white women, surveys may overestimate rates, especially for black women. The American Cancer Society recommends regular mammography screening for women aged 45-54, with biennial screening for those 55 and older. High-risk patients should be identified and offered appropriate screening. Lifestyle factors such as maintaining a healthy weight, regular physical activity, and avoiding alcohol may reduce breast cancer risk. The World Cancer Research Fund estimates that one-third of breast cancers could be prevented through healthy behaviors.In 2015, approximately 231,840 new invasive breast cancer cases and 40,290 deaths were expected among US women. Breast cancer incidence rates increased among non-Hispanic black and Asian/Pacific Islander women, while rates were stable among non-Hispanic white, Hispanic, and American Indian/Alaska Native women from 2008 to 2012. Although white women historically had higher incidence rates than black women, in 2012, the rates converged. However, in 7 states, particularly in the South, black women had significantly higher incidence rates than white women. From 1989 to 2012, breast cancer death rates decreased by 36%, preventing 249,000 deaths. This decrease was observed in all racial/ethnic groups except American Indians/Alaska Natives. The mortality disparity between black and white women continued to widen, with black women having 42% higher death rates in 2012. From 2003 to 2012, breast cancer death rates declined for white women in all 50 states, but for black women, declines occurred in 27 of 30 states. In three states, death rates remained stable. Racial disparities in breast cancer mortality are likely to continue due to increasing incidence rates in black women. Breast cancer incidence rates increased among black and Asian/Pacific Islander women but were stable among other groups. Black women had the smallest proportion of HR+/HER2− breast cancers and the largest proportion of HR−/HER2− breast cancers. Triple-negative breast cancers, which are more aggressive, are more common in black women. White women had the highest proportion of HR+/HER2− breast cancers, while API women had the largest proportion of HR−/HER2+ breast cancers. HR+/HER2− breast cancers have higher survival rates. Breast cancer mortality rates varied by race/ethnicity, with black women having higher rates than white women. This disparity is influenced by factors such as stage at diagnosis, tumor characteristics, obesity, and access to care. Mammography screening rates varied by state, with higher rates in some states leading to earlier diagnosis and better outcomes. Despite similar current mammography screening rates in black and white women, surveys may overestimate rates, especially for black women. The American Cancer Society recommends regular mammography screening for women aged 45-54, with biennial screening for those 55 and older. High-risk patients should be identified and offered appropriate screening. Lifestyle factors such as maintaining a healthy weight, regular physical activity, and avoiding alcohol may reduce breast cancer risk. The World Cancer Research Fund estimates that one-third of breast cancers could be prevented through healthy behaviors.
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