This article proposes an integrative framework to advance management research on technological platforms, bridging two theoretical perspectives: economics and engineering design. The economic perspective views platforms as double-sided markets, while the engineering design perspective sees them as technological architectures. The author argues that platforms can be conceptualized as evolving organizations or meta-organizations that federate and coordinate agents for innovation and competition, create value through economies of scope, and have a modular technological architecture. The framework is supported by a classification system indicating that platforms appear in various organizational forms, including within firms, across supply chains, and across industry innovation ecosystems. The article illustrates the framework with a simple model highlighting patterns of interaction between platform innovation and competition, yielding hypotheses for empirical testing.This article proposes an integrative framework to advance management research on technological platforms, bridging two theoretical perspectives: economics and engineering design. The economic perspective views platforms as double-sided markets, while the engineering design perspective sees them as technological architectures. The author argues that platforms can be conceptualized as evolving organizations or meta-organizations that federate and coordinate agents for innovation and competition, create value through economies of scope, and have a modular technological architecture. The framework is supported by a classification system indicating that platforms appear in various organizational forms, including within firms, across supply chains, and across industry innovation ecosystems. The article illustrates the framework with a simple model highlighting patterns of interaction between platform innovation and competition, yielding hypotheses for empirical testing.