Brucella spondylitis is a serious complication of brucellosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium *Brucella*. It primarily affects the spine and can lead to severe morbidity and mortality, especially in endemic areas. The disease is often diagnosed through a combination of clinical, epidemiological, and radiological findings, with microbiological confirmation being crucial for a definitive diagnosis. *Brucella* spondylitis is characterized by involvement of the vertebrae, discs, and surrounding tissues, and may present as spondylitis, spondylodiscitis, or abscess formation. The most common affected site is the lumbar spine, followed by the thoracic and cervical regions. Diagnosis involves microbiological tests such as blood cultures, bone marrow cultures, and serological tests like the serum agglutination test (SAT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Radiological imaging, including X-rays, CT, and MRI, is essential for identifying the extent of spinal involvement and differentiating it from other conditions like spinal tuberculosis. Treatment typically involves long-term antibiotic therapy, often combining tetracyclines, rifampicin, and aminoglycosides. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to decompress the spinal canal and stabilize the spine. The management of *Brucella* spondylitis requires a multidisciplinary approach involving infectious disease specialists, radiologists, neurosurgeons, and orthopedic surgeons to ensure optimal outcomes. Recent advances in diagnostic techniques and treatment regimens have improved the prognosis for patients with this condition.Brucella spondylitis is a serious complication of brucellosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium *Brucella*. It primarily affects the spine and can lead to severe morbidity and mortality, especially in endemic areas. The disease is often diagnosed through a combination of clinical, epidemiological, and radiological findings, with microbiological confirmation being crucial for a definitive diagnosis. *Brucella* spondylitis is characterized by involvement of the vertebrae, discs, and surrounding tissues, and may present as spondylitis, spondylodiscitis, or abscess formation. The most common affected site is the lumbar spine, followed by the thoracic and cervical regions. Diagnosis involves microbiological tests such as blood cultures, bone marrow cultures, and serological tests like the serum agglutination test (SAT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Radiological imaging, including X-rays, CT, and MRI, is essential for identifying the extent of spinal involvement and differentiating it from other conditions like spinal tuberculosis. Treatment typically involves long-term antibiotic therapy, often combining tetracyclines, rifampicin, and aminoglycosides. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to decompress the spinal canal and stabilize the spine. The management of *Brucella* spondylitis requires a multidisciplinary approach involving infectious disease specialists, radiologists, neurosurgeons, and orthopedic surgeons to ensure optimal outcomes. Recent advances in diagnostic techniques and treatment regimens have improved the prognosis for patients with this condition.