The study by Demerouti et al. (2001) investigates the relationship between job demands, job control, and their impact on employee health impairment and active learning or motivation. The demand-control model, which posits that high job demands and low job control lead to increased strain and low motivation, was tested using a sample of 381 insurance company employees. Discriminant analysis was employed to examine the relationship between job demands and job control on one hand and health impairment and active learning on the other. Key findings include: - Job demands were strongly related to health impairment, while job control was strongly associated with active learning. - The four combinations of demand and control (low demands and low control, low demands and high control, high demands and low control, high demands and high control) were differentially related to strain or active learning. - Employees with low demands and high control reported low strain and high active learning, contrary to the demand-control model's prediction. - Employees with high demands and high control reported both high motivation and high strain, also contradicting the model's predictions. - The study suggests that job control may not be an effective buffer against the negative effects of high job demands, and that high job demands can lead to both motivation and health impairment. The results partially contradict the demand-control model, supporting the job demands-resources model, which posits that excessive job demands lead to negative stress reactions, while job resources promote motivational outcomes. The study highlights the need for further research to understand the mechanisms by which job demands and control interact to influence employee well-being.The study by Demerouti et al. (2001) investigates the relationship between job demands, job control, and their impact on employee health impairment and active learning or motivation. The demand-control model, which posits that high job demands and low job control lead to increased strain and low motivation, was tested using a sample of 381 insurance company employees. Discriminant analysis was employed to examine the relationship between job demands and job control on one hand and health impairment and active learning on the other. Key findings include: - Job demands were strongly related to health impairment, while job control was strongly associated with active learning. - The four combinations of demand and control (low demands and low control, low demands and high control, high demands and low control, high demands and high control) were differentially related to strain or active learning. - Employees with low demands and high control reported low strain and high active learning, contrary to the demand-control model's prediction. - Employees with high demands and high control reported both high motivation and high strain, also contradicting the model's predictions. - The study suggests that job control may not be an effective buffer against the negative effects of high job demands, and that high job demands can lead to both motivation and health impairment. The results partially contradict the demand-control model, supporting the job demands-resources model, which posits that excessive job demands lead to negative stress reactions, while job resources promote motivational outcomes. The study highlights the need for further research to understand the mechanisms by which job demands and control interact to influence employee well-being.