CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs) are a family of transcription factors characterized by a highly conserved basic-leucine zipper domain at their C-terminus, which is involved in dimerization and DNA binding. The C/EBP family includes at least six members (C/EBPα–C/EBPζ), each with distinct functions and regulatory mechanisms. These proteins play crucial roles in cellular processes such as differentiation, metabolism, and inflammation, particularly in hepatocytes, adipocytes, and hematopoietic cells. Their expression is regulated at multiple levels, including transcriptional, translational, and post-translational modifications, in response to various physiological and pathological conditions. Recent studies have revealed complex regulatory mechanisms, including the formation of heterodimers, protein-protein interactions, and phosphorylation, which contribute to the diverse functions of C/EBPs. This review provides an overview of the structure, biological functions, and regulation of the C/EBP family, highlighting their significance in various cellular processes and disease states.CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs) are a family of transcription factors characterized by a highly conserved basic-leucine zipper domain at their C-terminus, which is involved in dimerization and DNA binding. The C/EBP family includes at least six members (C/EBPα–C/EBPζ), each with distinct functions and regulatory mechanisms. These proteins play crucial roles in cellular processes such as differentiation, metabolism, and inflammation, particularly in hepatocytes, adipocytes, and hematopoietic cells. Their expression is regulated at multiple levels, including transcriptional, translational, and post-translational modifications, in response to various physiological and pathological conditions. Recent studies have revealed complex regulatory mechanisms, including the formation of heterodimers, protein-protein interactions, and phosphorylation, which contribute to the diverse functions of C/EBPs. This review provides an overview of the structure, biological functions, and regulation of the C/EBP family, highlighting their significance in various cellular processes and disease states.