COP 28: Challenge of coping with climate crisis

COP 28: Challenge of coping with climate crisis

January 2, 2024 | Tong Jiang,1,7 Xiaojia He,2,* Buda Su,1,7,4 Peni Hausia Havae,1,3,7 Ke Wei,4,7 Zbigniew W. Kundzewicz,5,7 and Dong Liu6
The 28th Conference of Parties (COP 28) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was held in Dubai, UAE, from November 30 to December 12, 2023, with over 160 world leaders in attendance. The conference highlighted the urgent need to increase ambition for near-term climate action to meet the Paris Agreement goals of limiting global temperature rise to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit warming to 1.5°C. The current climate crisis is marked by significant changes in temperature and precipitation, extreme weather events, and the potential crossing of critical tipping points in the Earth system. Key aspects discussed at COP 28 include: 1. **Record-Breaking Temperatures**: July 2023 was the hottest month globally, with temperatures reaching 16.9°C, and the entire year likely to be the warmest on record. 2. **Global Food and Water Crisis**: Climate change exacerbates food insecurity and access to safe drinking water, affecting nearly 258 million people in 2022 and 2 billion people in 2020. 3. **Economic Losses**: Annual economic losses due to CO₂ emissions and global warming have increased to approximately US $120 billion globally, with China alone bearing about US $43 billion annually. 4. **Disconnection Between Climate Crisis and Biodiversity Losses**: The conference emphasized the need to integrate solutions that enhance both climate resilience and sustainable ecosystem services. 5. **Leave No One Behind**: Special attention was given to those who have contributed less to climate change but suffer the most adverse impacts, though the implementation of the Loss and Damage Fund remains unclear. 6. **Difficulty in Keeping Pledges**: Governments have often failed to meet their climate action commitments, highlighting the need for a framework to hold parties accountable and showcase progress. 1. **Increasing Renewable Energy Production**: Parties aim to phase out fossil fuels by significantly increasing renewable energy production, particularly solar and wind. 2. **Protecting Global Food and Water Systems**: Efforts to make these systems more sustainable and resilient. 3. **Financing a Low-Carbon Future**: The world requires around US $5 trillion annually by 2030 for climate-related activities, with emerging markets and developing economies needing US $2.4 trillion. 4. **Connecting Climate Change and Biodiversity Losses**: A Biodiversity Convention Framework was developed to enhance the implementation of the Paris Agreement and UN SDGs. 5. **Adapting to Reduce Loss and Damage**: An inclusive framework for the Loss and Damage Fund was established to enhance risk management and effective climate change adaptation. 6. **Holding Member States Accountable**: The first UN Global Stocktake held member states accountable for their Paris Agreement pledges. 1. **Reduction of Fossil Fuel Consumption**: Frameworks areThe 28th Conference of Parties (COP 28) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was held in Dubai, UAE, from November 30 to December 12, 2023, with over 160 world leaders in attendance. The conference highlighted the urgent need to increase ambition for near-term climate action to meet the Paris Agreement goals of limiting global temperature rise to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit warming to 1.5°C. The current climate crisis is marked by significant changes in temperature and precipitation, extreme weather events, and the potential crossing of critical tipping points in the Earth system. Key aspects discussed at COP 28 include: 1. **Record-Breaking Temperatures**: July 2023 was the hottest month globally, with temperatures reaching 16.9°C, and the entire year likely to be the warmest on record. 2. **Global Food and Water Crisis**: Climate change exacerbates food insecurity and access to safe drinking water, affecting nearly 258 million people in 2022 and 2 billion people in 2020. 3. **Economic Losses**: Annual economic losses due to CO₂ emissions and global warming have increased to approximately US $120 billion globally, with China alone bearing about US $43 billion annually. 4. **Disconnection Between Climate Crisis and Biodiversity Losses**: The conference emphasized the need to integrate solutions that enhance both climate resilience and sustainable ecosystem services. 5. **Leave No One Behind**: Special attention was given to those who have contributed less to climate change but suffer the most adverse impacts, though the implementation of the Loss and Damage Fund remains unclear. 6. **Difficulty in Keeping Pledges**: Governments have often failed to meet their climate action commitments, highlighting the need for a framework to hold parties accountable and showcase progress. 1. **Increasing Renewable Energy Production**: Parties aim to phase out fossil fuels by significantly increasing renewable energy production, particularly solar and wind. 2. **Protecting Global Food and Water Systems**: Efforts to make these systems more sustainable and resilient. 3. **Financing a Low-Carbon Future**: The world requires around US $5 trillion annually by 2030 for climate-related activities, with emerging markets and developing economies needing US $2.4 trillion. 4. **Connecting Climate Change and Biodiversity Losses**: A Biodiversity Convention Framework was developed to enhance the implementation of the Paris Agreement and UN SDGs. 5. **Adapting to Reduce Loss and Damage**: An inclusive framework for the Loss and Damage Fund was established to enhance risk management and effective climate change adaptation. 6. **Holding Member States Accountable**: The first UN Global Stocktake held member states accountable for their Paris Agreement pledges. 1. **Reduction of Fossil Fuel Consumption**: Frameworks are
Reach us at info@study.space
[slides and audio] COP 28%3A Challenge of coping with climate crisis