CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Gene Therapy for Glioblastoma: A Scoping Review

CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Gene Therapy for Glioblastoma: A Scoping Review

21 January 2024 | Emir Begagić, Hakija Bećulić, Nermin Đužić, Amina Džidić-Krivić, Ragib Pugonja, Asja Muharemović, Belma Jaganjac, Naida Salković, Haso Sefo and Mirza Pojskić
CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Gene Therapy for Glioblastoma: A Scoping Review This scoping review examines the use of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in glioblastoma (GBM), a highly aggressive brain tumor. The review categorizes gene targets into groups related to cell cycle regulation, microenvironmental dynamics, interphase processes, and therapy resistance reduction. It highlights the complexity of CRISPR-Cas9 applications in GBM research, providing insights into apoptosis, cell proliferation, and immune responses within the tumor microenvironment. The studies challenge conventional perspectives on specific genes, emphasizing the potential therapeutic implications of manipulating key molecular players in cell cycle dynamics. CRISPR/Cas9 gene therapy in GBMs offers significant insights into the regulation of cellular processes, including interphase, renewal, and migration. Researchers, by precisely targeting specific genes, uncover the molecular orchestration governing cell proliferation, growth, and differentiation during critical phases of the cell cycle. The findings underscore the potential of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in unraveling the complex dynamics of the GBM microenvironment, offering promising avenues for targeted therapies to curb GBM growth. This review also outlines studies addressing therapy resistance in GBM, employing CRISPR/Cas9 to target genes associated with chemotherapy resistance, showcasing its transformative potential in effective GBM treatments. Keywords: glioblastoma; gene therapy; CRISPR; Cas9 CRISPR/Cas9 is a powerful gene-editing technology that has gained significant attention in the field of GBM research. It allows for precise modifications to the DNA sequences of cells, enabling the correction of genetic defects and the development of new therapeutic interventions. The review discusses the applications of CRISPR/Cas9 in gene therapy, highlighting its potential in treating various genetic disorders. The technology has been used to target specific genes associated with GBM, aiming to induce apoptosis or autophagy in aberrant cells. The review also explores the principles of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology, including the role of the Cas enzyme and guide RNA (gRNA) in inducing double-strand breaks at specific locations. The review discusses the two primary repair pathways involved in genome editing: homology-directed repair (HDR) and nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ). HDR is more precise but less efficient, while NHEJ is more prevalent in mammalian cells but less precise. The review also discusses the challenges and ethical concerns associated with the use of CRISPR/Cas9 technology, including pre-existing immunity and the potential for removing human pluripotent stem cells. The review highlights the potential of CRISPR/Cas9 in advancing gene research and engineering strategies in glioma therapy. The review also discusses the contribution of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in alleviating therapy resistance in GBM, targeting genes associated with chemotherapy resistance. The review concludes with a discussion on the efficacy and safety considerations ofCRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Gene Therapy for Glioblastoma: A Scoping Review This scoping review examines the use of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in glioblastoma (GBM), a highly aggressive brain tumor. The review categorizes gene targets into groups related to cell cycle regulation, microenvironmental dynamics, interphase processes, and therapy resistance reduction. It highlights the complexity of CRISPR-Cas9 applications in GBM research, providing insights into apoptosis, cell proliferation, and immune responses within the tumor microenvironment. The studies challenge conventional perspectives on specific genes, emphasizing the potential therapeutic implications of manipulating key molecular players in cell cycle dynamics. CRISPR/Cas9 gene therapy in GBMs offers significant insights into the regulation of cellular processes, including interphase, renewal, and migration. Researchers, by precisely targeting specific genes, uncover the molecular orchestration governing cell proliferation, growth, and differentiation during critical phases of the cell cycle. The findings underscore the potential of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in unraveling the complex dynamics of the GBM microenvironment, offering promising avenues for targeted therapies to curb GBM growth. This review also outlines studies addressing therapy resistance in GBM, employing CRISPR/Cas9 to target genes associated with chemotherapy resistance, showcasing its transformative potential in effective GBM treatments. Keywords: glioblastoma; gene therapy; CRISPR; Cas9 CRISPR/Cas9 is a powerful gene-editing technology that has gained significant attention in the field of GBM research. It allows for precise modifications to the DNA sequences of cells, enabling the correction of genetic defects and the development of new therapeutic interventions. The review discusses the applications of CRISPR/Cas9 in gene therapy, highlighting its potential in treating various genetic disorders. The technology has been used to target specific genes associated with GBM, aiming to induce apoptosis or autophagy in aberrant cells. The review also explores the principles of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology, including the role of the Cas enzyme and guide RNA (gRNA) in inducing double-strand breaks at specific locations. The review discusses the two primary repair pathways involved in genome editing: homology-directed repair (HDR) and nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ). HDR is more precise but less efficient, while NHEJ is more prevalent in mammalian cells but less precise. The review also discusses the challenges and ethical concerns associated with the use of CRISPR/Cas9 technology, including pre-existing immunity and the potential for removing human pluripotent stem cells. The review highlights the potential of CRISPR/Cas9 in advancing gene research and engineering strategies in glioma therapy. The review also discusses the contribution of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in alleviating therapy resistance in GBM, targeting genes associated with chemotherapy resistance. The review concludes with a discussion on the efficacy and safety considerations of
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[slides and audio] CRISPR%2FCas9-Mediated Gene Therapy for Glioblastoma%3A A Scoping Review