This paper provides a comprehensive review and comparative analysis of cybersecurity challenges and strategies within the financial sectors of the United States and Nigeria. It aims to highlight the complexities and differences in cybersecurity practices, focusing on the approaches taken by these nations to protect their financial data against increasing cyber threats. Through a detailed examination of existing literature, including academic journals, industry reports, and cybersecurity incident databases, this study identifies the unique and common cybersecurity vulnerabilities, regulatory environments, and defense mechanisms employed by the financial sectors in both countries. The review reveals that the USA's financial sector benefits from advanced cybersecurity technologies and a strong regulatory framework, yet faces challenges related to sophisticated cyber-attacks and the management of insider threats. Conversely, Nigeria's financial sector grapples with issues such as limited cybersecurity awareness, technological constraints, and evolving regulatory frameworks. Despite these disparities, both countries share the necessity of enhancing their cybersecurity posture to combat the evolving nature of cyber threats effectively. The paper argues that addressing cybersecurity in the financial sector necessitates a comprehensive approach that includes technological solutions, strengthening regulatory policies, enhancing cybersecurity awareness, and fostering international collaboration. The comparative analysis underscores the importance of adopting best practices from each country's experience to bolster the resilience of financial institutions against cyber threats in an increasingly interconnected world. The financial sector is a critical component of the global economy, but it is also a prime target for cyber threats. Cybersecurity threats such as phishing, malware, and advanced persistent threats (APTs) pose significant risks to financial institutions and their customers. The USA has developed comprehensive cybersecurity strategies, including governmental initiatives, public-private partnerships, and technological innovations, to enhance cyber defense capabilities. In contrast, Nigeria faces challenges in its cybersecurity landscape, including legal and policy gaps, threat evolution, and the need for greater awareness and education. Strengthening Nigeria's cybersecurity infrastructure requires a multifaceted approach encompassing policy reform, technological advancements, international cooperation, and comprehensive education and training programs. The comparative analysis highlights the importance of understanding the unique challenges and strategies of each country's financial sector in the context of cybersecurity. It underscores the need for continuous improvement in cybersecurity measures, including technological solutions, regulatory policies, and international collaboration. The paper concludes that a multifaceted approach is essential to ensure the resilience and security of the financial sector against evolving cyber threats.This paper provides a comprehensive review and comparative analysis of cybersecurity challenges and strategies within the financial sectors of the United States and Nigeria. It aims to highlight the complexities and differences in cybersecurity practices, focusing on the approaches taken by these nations to protect their financial data against increasing cyber threats. Through a detailed examination of existing literature, including academic journals, industry reports, and cybersecurity incident databases, this study identifies the unique and common cybersecurity vulnerabilities, regulatory environments, and defense mechanisms employed by the financial sectors in both countries. The review reveals that the USA's financial sector benefits from advanced cybersecurity technologies and a strong regulatory framework, yet faces challenges related to sophisticated cyber-attacks and the management of insider threats. Conversely, Nigeria's financial sector grapples with issues such as limited cybersecurity awareness, technological constraints, and evolving regulatory frameworks. Despite these disparities, both countries share the necessity of enhancing their cybersecurity posture to combat the evolving nature of cyber threats effectively. The paper argues that addressing cybersecurity in the financial sector necessitates a comprehensive approach that includes technological solutions, strengthening regulatory policies, enhancing cybersecurity awareness, and fostering international collaboration. The comparative analysis underscores the importance of adopting best practices from each country's experience to bolster the resilience of financial institutions against cyber threats in an increasingly interconnected world. The financial sector is a critical component of the global economy, but it is also a prime target for cyber threats. Cybersecurity threats such as phishing, malware, and advanced persistent threats (APTs) pose significant risks to financial institutions and their customers. The USA has developed comprehensive cybersecurity strategies, including governmental initiatives, public-private partnerships, and technological innovations, to enhance cyber defense capabilities. In contrast, Nigeria faces challenges in its cybersecurity landscape, including legal and policy gaps, threat evolution, and the need for greater awareness and education. Strengthening Nigeria's cybersecurity infrastructure requires a multifaceted approach encompassing policy reform, technological advancements, international cooperation, and comprehensive education and training programs. The comparative analysis highlights the importance of understanding the unique challenges and strategies of each country's financial sector in the context of cybersecurity. It underscores the need for continuous improvement in cybersecurity measures, including technological solutions, regulatory policies, and international collaboration. The paper concludes that a multifaceted approach is essential to ensure the resilience and security of the financial sector against evolving cyber threats.