The American Cancer Society estimates that in 2021, there will be 1,898,160 new cancer cases and 608,570 cancer deaths in the United States. Cancer death rates have declined continuously since the 1990s due to reduced smoking and improved early detection and treatment. Lung cancer mortality has declined rapidly, accounting for nearly half of the total mortality decline from 2014 to 2018. Survival rates for non-small cell lung cancer have increased significantly, while survival for small cell lung cancer remains low. Overall cancer mortality has decreased by 31% since 1991, with 3.2 million fewer cancer deaths than would have occurred if peak rates had persisted. Cancer incidence rates have generally declined for most cancers, except for prostate cancer and breast and colorectal cancers. The incidence of lung cancer has declined twice as fast in men as in women. The incidence of cervical cancer has declined for decades, but distant-stage disease and cervical adenocarcinoma are increasing, largely driven by trends in young women. The incidence of kidney, pancreas, and oral cavity and pharynx cancers continues to increase, while liver cancer incidence has stabilized in men and continues to rise in women. Cancer survival has improved for many cancers, with the 5-year relative survival rate for all cancers combined diagnosed during 2010 through 2016 being 67%. Survival rates vary by cancer type and race, with prostate cancer having the highest survival rate and pancreatic cancer the lowest. Survival rates are lower for Black patients than for White patients for most cancers, except for kidney cancer. The disparity in survival between Black and White patients is even larger for American Indian/Alaska Native patients. Cancer mortality rates have declined continuously since the 1990s, with the overall decline in cancer mortality from 2014 to 2018 being 7.7%, with lung cancer accounting for nearly half of this decline. The decline in cancer mortality is largely due to improvements in treatment and early detection. However, mortality rates for some cancers, such as uterine corpus cancer and oral cavity and pharynx cancers, have increased in recent years. Cancer disparities by race and ethnicity are significant, with higher cancer incidence and mortality rates among non-Hispanic White men and non-Hispanic Black women. Geographic variation in cancer occurrence is also significant, with higher cancer incidence and mortality rates in states with higher smoking prevalence. Cancer disparities are also evident in children and adolescents, with leukemia being the most common childhood cancer. Cancer screening has played a significant role in improving survival rates for many cancers, particularly for lung cancer. However, disparities in screening rates persist, with lower screening rates among women with less educational attainment, those who are uninsured, or who do not have a primary care provider. HPV vaccination rates areThe American Cancer Society estimates that in 2021, there will be 1,898,160 new cancer cases and 608,570 cancer deaths in the United States. Cancer death rates have declined continuously since the 1990s due to reduced smoking and improved early detection and treatment. Lung cancer mortality has declined rapidly, accounting for nearly half of the total mortality decline from 2014 to 2018. Survival rates for non-small cell lung cancer have increased significantly, while survival for small cell lung cancer remains low. Overall cancer mortality has decreased by 31% since 1991, with 3.2 million fewer cancer deaths than would have occurred if peak rates had persisted. Cancer incidence rates have generally declined for most cancers, except for prostate cancer and breast and colorectal cancers. The incidence of lung cancer has declined twice as fast in men as in women. The incidence of cervical cancer has declined for decades, but distant-stage disease and cervical adenocarcinoma are increasing, largely driven by trends in young women. The incidence of kidney, pancreas, and oral cavity and pharynx cancers continues to increase, while liver cancer incidence has stabilized in men and continues to rise in women. Cancer survival has improved for many cancers, with the 5-year relative survival rate for all cancers combined diagnosed during 2010 through 2016 being 67%. Survival rates vary by cancer type and race, with prostate cancer having the highest survival rate and pancreatic cancer the lowest. Survival rates are lower for Black patients than for White patients for most cancers, except for kidney cancer. The disparity in survival between Black and White patients is even larger for American Indian/Alaska Native patients. Cancer mortality rates have declined continuously since the 1990s, with the overall decline in cancer mortality from 2014 to 2018 being 7.7%, with lung cancer accounting for nearly half of this decline. The decline in cancer mortality is largely due to improvements in treatment and early detection. However, mortality rates for some cancers, such as uterine corpus cancer and oral cavity and pharynx cancers, have increased in recent years. Cancer disparities by race and ethnicity are significant, with higher cancer incidence and mortality rates among non-Hispanic White men and non-Hispanic Black women. Geographic variation in cancer occurrence is also significant, with higher cancer incidence and mortality rates in states with higher smoking prevalence. Cancer disparities are also evident in children and adolescents, with leukemia being the most common childhood cancer. Cancer screening has played a significant role in improving survival rates for many cancers, particularly for lung cancer. However, disparities in screening rates persist, with lower screening rates among women with less educational attainment, those who are uninsured, or who do not have a primary care provider. HPV vaccination rates are